- Yale Eye CenterTemple Medical Center40 Temple Street, Ste 3BNew Haven, CT 06510
- Yale Medicine Ophthalmology11 Woodland RoadMadison, CT 06443
- VA Connecticut Healthcare950 Campbell AvenueWest Haven, CT 06516
Ji Liu, MD, MS
Biography
Ji Liu, MD, MS, is an ophthalmologist who specializes in the medical and surgical management of glaucoma, routine and complex cataract surgery, and anterior segment surgery (surgery performed on the iris and lens).
Dr. Liu says he was drawn to medicine because he wanted to understand how and why people get sick, and how to manage it. “In medical school, I realized the importance of vision,” he says. “Ninety percent of what we learn from the outside world every day comes from our eyes. And the advances in technology that we now have for treating eye diseases are fascinating.”
For example, with cataract surgery, intraocular lens implantation can correct not just the cataract but astigmatism. Newer intraocular lens technology may even help patients seeing well for both near and far distance without need for glasses. For glaucoma, there is no cure, but there are many treatments, including modern laser and microinvasive procedures, in addition to traditional therapy, Dr. Liu says.
Dr. Liu says the best parts of his job are helping patients see and improving their quality of life. “I follow many of my patients for years and it’s rewarding to either stop the progression of their disease or restore their vision,” he says. “For surgery, I enjoy both the routine and the complex surgeries, like cataract surgery, dislocated lens repair, iris repair, and the glaucoma procedures with new technologies.”
When a patient comes to see him for the first time, Dr. Liu says he takes the time to understand their concerns and gather their medical history. “I also tend to not just focus on the eye, but ask them about their support system at home. For someone with low vision, I want to find out if they have difficulty using drops or any assistance is needs for daily living,” he says.
Dr. Liu’s research focuses on intraocular pressure monitoring, as high pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma. His research also involves laser and surgical treatment of glaucoma. Dr. Liu believes research is ultimately the key to improve patient care and treatment outcome.
Titles
- Associate Professor Term
- Director for Resident Research, Ophthalmology
Education & Training
- Clinical FellowshipYale University (2013)
- ResidencyGeorge Washington University Medical Center (2012)
- InternshipBrookdale University Hospital and Medical Center (2009)
- Research Fellow and AssociateUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (2008)
- MSXiangya School of Medicine (2000)
- MDHunan Medical University (1997)
Languages Spoken
- 官話 / 官话 (Chinese-Mandarin)
- English
Additional Information
- M. Bruce Shields Award for Excellence in Teaching by Full Time Faculty: Yale Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University (2020)
- M. Bruce Shields Award for Excellence in Teaching by Full Time Faculty: Yale Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University (2015)
- Digital Journal of Ophthalmology (2018 - 2022): Reviewer
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (2014 - 2019): Board Member
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (2014 - Present): Fellow
- Journal of Ophthalmology (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- Clinical Ophthalmology (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- World Glaucoma Association (2013 - Present): Reviewer
- Wisnewski A, Liu J, Redlich C. Recombinant Expression and Engineering of MDI- and HDI-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies for Proof-of-Concept Detection of Diisocyanate Adducts and Candidate Assay Calibrators. Monoclonal Antibodies In Immunodiagnosis And Immunotherapy 2026, 21679436261483330. PMID: 42657968, DOI: 10.1177/21679436261483330.
- Jung K, Adelman R, Liu J. Outcomes of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty for Sustained Elevation of Intraocular Pressure Following Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections. Clinical Ophthalmology 2026, 20: 555409. PMID: 42542811, PMCID: PMC13428249, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s555409.
- Applebaum S, Hundito A, Ajjawi I, Teng C, Sarrafpour S, Liu J. Short-Term Preliminary Results of Outcomes with and without Tenonectomy During Open Conjunctival XEN45 Gel Stent Implantation. Clinical Ophthalmology 2026, 20: 554193. PMID: 42382312, PMCID: PMC13315171, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s554193.
- Sarrafpour S, Maheshwari A, Lee J, Young B, Liu J, Teng C. Quality Analysis of YouTube and Facebook Videos for Glaucoma Treatment Options. Clinical Ophthalmology 2026, 20: 575279. PMID: 41809204, PMCID: PMC12970006, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s575279.
- Wisnewski A, Liu J. Identification and validation of genes encoding humoral specificity for the chemical allergen toluene diisocyanate. PLOS ONE 2026, 21: e0343833. PMID: 41746981, PMCID: PMC12944764, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0343833.
- Applebaum S, Hundito A, Teng C, Sarrafpour S, Liu J. Surgical Outcome Comparison of Open Conjunctival Ab Externo Xen 45 Gel Stent Implantation vs Trabeculectomy in Open-angle Glaucoma. JOURNAL OF CURRENT GLAUCOMA PRACTICE 2025, 19: 158-167. PMID: 41523177, PMCID: PMC12780353, DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10078-1493.
- Maheshwari A, Sarrafpour S, Jayaram R, Liu J, Teng C. Quantification and Analysis of Laser Peripheral Iridotomies in the United States from 2000 to 2021. JOURNAL OF CURRENT GLAUCOMA PRACTICE 2025, 19: 208-215. PMID: 41523167, PMCID: PMC12780361, DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10078-1502.
- Banou L, Sarrafpour S, Teng C, Liu J. Ocular Gene Therapy: An Overview of Viral Vectors, Immune Responses, and Future Directions. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2024, 97: 491-503. PMID: 39703610, PMCID: PMC11650918, DOI: 10.59249/hwid7537.
- Kim H, Sarrafpour S, Teng C, Liu J. External Disruption of Ocular Development in Utero. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2024, 97: 41-48. PMID: 38559457, PMCID: PMC10964818, DOI: 10.59249/rrmm8911.
- Wisnewski A, Liu J. Lung Gene Expression Suggests Roles for Interferon-Stimulated Genes and Adenosine Deaminase Acting against RNA‑1 in Pathologic Responses to Diisocyanate. Chemical Research In Toxicology 2024, 37: 476-485. PMID: 38494904, PMCID: PMC11748834, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00325.
- Fliney G, Teng C, Liu J, Sarrafpour S. Ahmed ClearPath, PAUL Glaucoma Implant, and Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant. Current Practices In Ophthalmology 2023, 295-309. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1661-0_16.
- Fazen L, Abad Q, Smith R, Santiago R, Liu J, Wisnewski A, Redlich C. Occupational Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity in Healthcare Workers. Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Medicine 2023, 65: 521-528. PMID: 36893070, PMCID: PMC10227858, DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002831.
- Dhodapkar R, Jin A, Liu J. Acute Pain Management Protocol for Ophthalmic Procedures. 2023, 291-311. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21291-8_18.
- Fliney G, Kim E, Sarwana M, Wong S, Tai T, Liu J, Sarrafpour S, Chadha N, Teng C. Kahook Dual Blade versus Trabectome (KVT): Comparing Outcomes in Combination with Cataract Surgery. Clinical Ophthalmology 2023, 17: 145-154. PMID: 36647517, PMCID: PMC9840398, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s391527.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Glutathione reactivity with aliphatic polyisocyanates. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0271471. PMID: 35839242, PMCID: PMC9286259, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271471.
- Wisnewski AV, Cantley L, Luna J, Liu J, Smith RF, Hager K, Redlich CA. Changes Over Time in COVID-19 Incidence, Vaccinations, Serum Spike IgG, and Viral Neutralizing Potential Among Individuals From a North American Gaming Venue. Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Medicine 2022, 64: 788-796. PMID: 36054278, PMCID: PMC9426317, DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002617.
- Liu J, Arrigg C. Corticosteroid-Induced Glaucoma. 2022, 2541-2560. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_183.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Lucas C, Klein J, Iwasaki A, Cantley L, Fazen L, Luna J, Slade M, Redlich CA. Development and utilization of a surrogate SARS-CoV-2 viral neutralization assay to assess mRNA vaccine responses. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0262657. PMID: 35041700, PMCID: PMC8765639, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262657.
- Wisnewski AV, Cooney R, Hodgson M, Giese K, Liu J, Redlich CA. Severe asthma and death in a worker using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate MDI asthma death. American Journal Of Industrial Medicine 2022, 65: 166-172. PMID: 35028957, PMCID: PMC8846433, DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23323.
- Wisnewski AV, Redlich CA, Liu J, Kamath K, Abad QA, Smith RF, Fazen L, Santiago R, Luna J, Martinez B, Baum-Jones E, Waitz R, Haynes WA, Shon JC. Immunogenic amino acid motifs and linear epitopes of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0252849. PMID: 34499652, PMCID: PMC8428655, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252849.
- Zell J, Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Klein J, Lucas C, Slade M, Iwasaki A, Redlich CA. Associations of SARS-CoV-2 serum IgG with occupation and demographics of military personnel. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0251114. PMID: 34460832, PMCID: PMC8405017, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251114.
- Liu J. Chapter 17 Epigenetics in ocular medicine. 2021, 347-373. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823928-5.00003-7.
- Liu J, Arrigg C. Corticosteroid-Induced Glaucoma. 2020, 1-20. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90495-5_183-1.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA. Analysis of Lung Gene Expression Reveals a Role for Cl- channels in Diisocyanate Induced Airway Eosinophilia in a Mouse Model of Asthma Pathology. American Journal Of Respiratory Cell And Molecular Biology 2020, 0: 25-35. PMID: 32101465, PMCID: PMC7328250, DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0400oc.
- Ige M, Liu J. Herbal Medicines in Glaucoma Treatment. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2020, 93: 347-353. PMID: 32607093, PMCID: PMC7309662.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Molecular Characterization and Experimental Utility of Monoclonal Antibodies with Specificity for Aliphatic Di- and Polyisocyanates. Monoclonal Antibodies In Immunodiagnosis And Immunotherapy 2020, 39: 66-73. PMID: 32302507, PMCID: PMC7310211, DOI: 10.1089/mab.2020.0006.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. LC-UV-MS and MS/MS Characterize Glutathione Reactivity with Different Isomers (2,2' and 2,4' vs. 4,4') of Methylene Diphenyl-Diisocyanate. EC Pharmacology And Toxicology 2019, 7: 205-219. PMID: 31143884, PMCID: PMC6536005.
- Wisnewski AV, Nassar AF, Liu J, Bello D. Dilysine-Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI), a Urine Biomarker of MDI Exposure? Chemical Research In Toxicology 2019, 32: 557-565. PMID: 30724074, PMCID: PMC6465083, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00262.
- Chadha N, Warren JL, Liu J, Tsai JC, Teng CC. Seven- and eight-year trends in resident and fellow glaucoma surgical experience. Clinical Ophthalmology 2019, 13: 303-309. PMID: 30804662, PMCID: PMC6371949, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s185529.
- Yang A, Zhang X, Liu J, Chow J, Adelman R, Forster S. Educational and Scholarly Opportunities for Medical Students and Residents in Professional Ophthalmology Organizations. JAMA Ophthalmology 2018, 136: 1417-1419. PMID: 30326048, PMCID: PMC6594420, DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.3963.
- Yang A, Chow J, Liu J. Corneal Innervation and Sensation: The Eye and Beyond. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2018, 91: 13-21. PMID: 29599653, PMCID: PMC5872636.
- Yang AY, Kempton J, Liu J. Delayed cystoid macular oedema after uncomplicated laser peripheral iridotomy. Clinical And Experimental Ophthalmology 2018, 46: 823-824. PMID: 29468783, DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13180.
- Yang A, Liu J. Sequential cataract surgeries in a patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). BMJ Case Reports 2018, 2018: bcr-2018-224238. PMID: 29549136, PMCID: PMC5878276, DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224238.
- J Lu L, Hall L, Liu J. Improving Glaucoma Surgical Outcomes with Adjunct Tools. Journal Of Current Glaucoma Practice 2018, 12: 19-28. PMID: 29861578, PMCID: PMC5981089, DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1239.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA, Nassar AF. Polymerization of hexamethylene diisocyanate in solution and a 260.23 m/z [M+H]+ ion in exposed human cells. Analytical Biochemistry 2017, 543: 21-29. PMID: 29175138, PMCID: PMC5826792, DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.11.017.
- Wisnewski AV, Kanyo J, Asher J, Goodrich JA, Barnett G, Patrylak L, Liu J, Redlich CA, Nassar AF. Reaction products of hexamethylene diisocyanate vapors with “self” molecules in the airways of rabbits exposed via tracheostomy. Xenobiotica 2017, 48: 488-497. PMID: 28489470, PMCID: PMC5863241, DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1329569.
- Lu LJ, Tsai JC, Liu J. Novel Pharmacologic Candidates for Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2017, 90: 111-118. PMID: 28356898, PMCID: PMC5369028.
- Gauthier AC, Liu J. Epigenetics and Signaling Pathways in Glaucoma. BioMed Research International 2017, 2017: 5712341. PMID: 28210622, PMCID: PMC5292191, DOI: 10.1155/2017/5712341.
- Nguyen AT, Liu T, Liu J. Applications of Scheimpflug Imaging in Glaucoma Management: Current and Potential Applications. Journal Of Ophthalmology 2016, 2016: 3062381. PMID: 28044101, PMCID: PMC5164893, DOI: 10.1155/2016/3062381.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. Corrigendum to “Identification of novel reaction products of methylene-biS-phenylisocyanate (“MDI”) with oxidized glutathione in aqueous solution and also during incubation of MDI with a murine hepatic S9 fraction” [Toxicol. In vitro (2016) 97–104]. Toxicology In Vitro 2016, 38: 193. PMID: 27784537, DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.10.008.
- Xu SC, Gauthier AC, Liu J. The Application of a Contact Lens Sensor in Detecting 24‐Hour Intraocular Pressure‐Related Patterns. Journal Of Ophthalmology 2016, 2016: 4727423. PMID: 27525110, PMCID: PMC4976175, DOI: 10.1155/2016/4727423.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. Identification of novel reaction products of methylene-bis-phenylisocyanate (“MDI”) with oxidized glutathione in aqueous solution and also during incubation of MDI with a murine hepatic S9 fraction. Toxicology In Vitro 2016, 36: 97-104. PMID: 27453132, PMCID: PMC5010927, DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.07.011.
- Chadha N, Liu J, Maslin JS, Teng CC. Trends in ophthalmology resident surgical experience from 2009 to 2015. Clinical Ophthalmology 2016, 10: 1205-1208. PMID: 27418803, PMCID: PMC4935003, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s106293.
- Xu SC, Chow J, Liu J, Li L, Maslin JS, Chadha N, Chen B, Teng CC. Risk factors for visual impairment associated with corneal diseases in southern China. Clinical Ophthalmology 2016, 10: 777-782. PMID: 27194904, PMCID: PMC4859424, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s103302.
- Maslin JS, Teng CC, Chadha N, Liu J. Effect of supine body position on central corneal thickness. Clinical And Experimental Ophthalmology 2016, 44: 678-683. PMID: 26991869, DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12742.
- Gauthier AC, Liu J. Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Glaucoma. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2016, 89: 73-9. PMID: 27505018, PMCID: PMC4797839.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. In vitro cleavage of diisocyanate-glutathione conjugates by human gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-1. Xenobiotica 2015, 46: 726-732. PMID: 26678254, PMCID: PMC4848134, DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1118576.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Immunochemical detection of the occupational allergen, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), in situ. Journal Of Immunological Methods 2015, 429: 60-65. PMID: 26690039, PMCID: PMC4753098, DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.12.008.
- Sun X, Xu CS, Chadha N, Chen A, Liu J. Marijuana for Glaucoma: A Recipe for Disaster or Treatment? The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2015, 88: 265-9. PMID: 26339209, PMCID: PMC4553646.
- Kavoussi S, Liu J. Spontaneous hyphema and pupillary block in a patient with a left ventricular assist device. Digital Journal Of Ophthalmology 2015, 21: 1-9. PMID: 27330463, PMCID: PMC4902644, DOI: 10.5693/djo.02.2015.04.003.
- Chadha N, Liu J, Teng CC. Resident and Fellow Glaucoma Surgical Experience Following the Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study. Ophthalmology 2015, 122: 1953-1954. PMID: 25911055, DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.03.009.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Colangelo CM. Glutathione Reaction Products with a Chemical Allergen, Methylene-diphenyl Diisocyanate, Stimulate Alternative Macrophage Activation and Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation. Chemical Research In Toxicology 2015, 28: 729-737. PMID: 25635619, PMCID: PMC4667722, DOI: 10.1021/tx5005002.
- Gui W, Wisnewski AV, Neamtiu I, Gurzau E, Sparer JA, Stowe MH, Liu J, Slade MD, Rusu OA, Redlich CA. Inception cohort study of workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate at a polyurethane foam factory: Initial one‐year follow‐up. American Journal Of Industrial Medicine 2014, 57: 1207-1215. PMID: 25266741, PMCID: PMC4198484, DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22385.
- Nabili M, Shenoy A, Chawla S, Mahesh S, Liu J, Geist C, Zderic V. Ultrasound-enhanced ocular delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate: an in vivo study. Journal Of Therapeutic Ultrasound 2014, 2: 6. PMID: 24921047, PMCID: PMC4036608, DOI: 10.1186/2050-5736-2-6.
- Liu J, Lamba T, Belyea DA. Peripheral laser iridoplasty opens angle in plateau iris by thinning the cross-sectional tissues. Clinical Ophthalmology 2013, 7: 1895-1897. PMID: 24109168, PMCID: PMC3792924, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s47297.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA. Connecting glutathione with immune responses to occupational methylene diphenyl diisocyanate exposure. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2013, 205: 38-45. PMID: 23791970, PMCID: PMC3767171, DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.06.005.
- Nabili M, Patel H, Mahesh SP, Liu J, Geist C, Zderic V. Ultrasound-Enhanced Delivery of Antibiotics and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Into the Eye. Ultrasound In Medicine & Biology 2013, 39: 638-646. PMID: 23415283, PMCID: PMC3770302, DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.11.010.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Molecular determinants of humoral immune specificity for the occupational allergen, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. Molecular Immunology 2013, 54: 233-237. PMID: 23295252, PMCID: PMC3563841, DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.11.017.
- Wisnewski AV, Mhike M, Hettick JM, Liu J, Siegel PD. Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) vapor reactivity with glutathione and subsequent transfer to human albumin. Toxicology In Vitro 2012, 27: 662-671. PMID: 23178851, PMCID: PMC3587365, DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.013.
- Wang S, Mahesh SP, Liu J, Geist C, Zderic V. Focused ultrasound facilitated thermo-chemotherapy for targeted retinoblastoma treatment: A modeling study. Experimental Eye Research 2012, 100: 17-25. PMID: 22564972, DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.04.009.
- Hettick JM, Siegel PD, Green BJ, Liu J, Wisnewski AV. Vapor conjugation of toluene diisocyanate to specific lysines of human albumin. Analytical Biochemistry 2011, 421: 706-711. PMID: 22206939, PMCID: PMC3324820, DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.12.013.
- Wisnewski AV, Xu L, Robinson E, Liu J, Redlich CA, Herrick CA. Immune sensitization to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resulting from skin exposure: albumin as a carrier protein connecting skin exposure to subsequent respiratory responses. Journal Of Occupational Medicine And Toxicology 2011, 6: 6. PMID: 21414210, PMCID: PMC3068988, DOI: 10.1186/1745-6673-6-6.
- Ghahremani M, Nabili M, Mahesh S, Liu J, Belyea D, Geist C, Zderic V, Zaghloul M. Surface Acoustic Wave Devices for Ocular Drug Delivery. 2010, 872-875. DOI: 10.1109/ultsym.2010.5935970.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA. Antigenic changes in human albumin caused by reactivity with the occupational allergen diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Analytical Biochemistry 2010, 400: 251-258. PMID: 20123080, PMCID: PMC3106273, DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.01.037.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu Q, Liu J, Redlich CA. Glutathione protects human airway proteins and epithelial cells from isocyanates. Clinical & Experimental Allergy 2005, 35: 352-357. PMID: 15784115, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02185.x.
- Wisnewski AV, Stowe MH, Cartier A, Liu Q, Liu J, Chen L, Redlich CA. Isocyanate vapor-induced antigenicity of human albumin. The Journal Of Allergy And Clinical Immunology 2004, 113: 1178-1184. PMID: 15208602, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.03.009.
- Yale Eye CenterTemple Medical Center40 Temple Street, Ste 3BNew Haven, CT 06510
- Yale Medicine Ophthalmology11 Woodland RoadMadison, CT 06443
- VA Connecticut Healthcare950 Campbell AvenueWest Haven, CT 06516
Biography
Ji Liu, MD, MS, is an ophthalmologist who specializes in the medical and surgical management of glaucoma, routine and complex cataract surgery, and anterior segment surgery (surgery performed on the iris and lens).
Dr. Liu says he was drawn to medicine because he wanted to understand how and why people get sick, and how to manage it. “In medical school, I realized the importance of vision,” he says. “Ninety percent of what we learn from the outside world every day comes from our eyes. And the advances in technology that we now have for treating eye diseases are fascinating.”
For example, with cataract surgery, intraocular lens implantation can correct not just the cataract but astigmatism. Newer intraocular lens technology may even help patients seeing well for both near and far distance without need for glasses. For glaucoma, there is no cure, but there are many treatments, including modern laser and microinvasive procedures, in addition to traditional therapy, Dr. Liu says.
Dr. Liu says the best parts of his job are helping patients see and improving their quality of life. “I follow many of my patients for years and it’s rewarding to either stop the progression of their disease or restore their vision,” he says. “For surgery, I enjoy both the routine and the complex surgeries, like cataract surgery, dislocated lens repair, iris repair, and the glaucoma procedures with new technologies.”
When a patient comes to see him for the first time, Dr. Liu says he takes the time to understand their concerns and gather their medical history. “I also tend to not just focus on the eye, but ask them about their support system at home. For someone with low vision, I want to find out if they have difficulty using drops or any assistance is needs for daily living,” he says.
Dr. Liu’s research focuses on intraocular pressure monitoring, as high pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma. His research also involves laser and surgical treatment of glaucoma. Dr. Liu believes research is ultimately the key to improve patient care and treatment outcome.
Titles
- Associate Professor Term
- Director for Resident Research, Ophthalmology
Education & Training
- Clinical FellowshipYale University (2013)
- ResidencyGeorge Washington University Medical Center (2012)
- InternshipBrookdale University Hospital and Medical Center (2009)
- Research Fellow and AssociateUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (2008)
- MSXiangya School of Medicine (2000)
- MDHunan Medical University (1997)
Languages Spoken
- 官話 / 官话 (Chinese-Mandarin)
- English
Additional Information
- M. Bruce Shields Award for Excellence in Teaching by Full Time Faculty: Yale Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University (2020)
- M. Bruce Shields Award for Excellence in Teaching by Full Time Faculty: Yale Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University (2015)
- Digital Journal of Ophthalmology (2018 - 2022): Reviewer
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (2014 - 2019): Board Member
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (2014 - Present): Fellow
- Journal of Ophthalmology (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- Clinical Ophthalmology (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine (2013 - 2022): Reviewer
- World Glaucoma Association (2013 - Present): Reviewer
- Wisnewski A, Liu J, Redlich C. Recombinant Expression and Engineering of MDI- and HDI-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies for Proof-of-Concept Detection of Diisocyanate Adducts and Candidate Assay Calibrators. Monoclonal Antibodies In Immunodiagnosis And Immunotherapy 2026, 21679436261483330. PMID: 42657968, DOI: 10.1177/21679436261483330.
- Jung K, Adelman R, Liu J. Outcomes of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty for Sustained Elevation of Intraocular Pressure Following Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections. Clinical Ophthalmology 2026, 20: 555409. PMID: 42542811, PMCID: PMC13428249, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s555409.
- Applebaum S, Hundito A, Ajjawi I, Teng C, Sarrafpour S, Liu J. Short-Term Preliminary Results of Outcomes with and without Tenonectomy During Open Conjunctival XEN45 Gel Stent Implantation. Clinical Ophthalmology 2026, 20: 554193. PMID: 42382312, PMCID: PMC13315171, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s554193.
- Sarrafpour S, Maheshwari A, Lee J, Young B, Liu J, Teng C. Quality Analysis of YouTube and Facebook Videos for Glaucoma Treatment Options. Clinical Ophthalmology 2026, 20: 575279. PMID: 41809204, PMCID: PMC12970006, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s575279.
- Wisnewski A, Liu J. Identification and validation of genes encoding humoral specificity for the chemical allergen toluene diisocyanate. PLOS ONE 2026, 21: e0343833. PMID: 41746981, PMCID: PMC12944764, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0343833.
- Applebaum S, Hundito A, Teng C, Sarrafpour S, Liu J. Surgical Outcome Comparison of Open Conjunctival Ab Externo Xen 45 Gel Stent Implantation vs Trabeculectomy in Open-angle Glaucoma. JOURNAL OF CURRENT GLAUCOMA PRACTICE 2025, 19: 158-167. PMID: 41523177, PMCID: PMC12780353, DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10078-1493.
- Maheshwari A, Sarrafpour S, Jayaram R, Liu J, Teng C. Quantification and Analysis of Laser Peripheral Iridotomies in the United States from 2000 to 2021. JOURNAL OF CURRENT GLAUCOMA PRACTICE 2025, 19: 208-215. PMID: 41523167, PMCID: PMC12780361, DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10078-1502.
- Banou L, Sarrafpour S, Teng C, Liu J. Ocular Gene Therapy: An Overview of Viral Vectors, Immune Responses, and Future Directions. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2024, 97: 491-503. PMID: 39703610, PMCID: PMC11650918, DOI: 10.59249/hwid7537.
- Kim H, Sarrafpour S, Teng C, Liu J. External Disruption of Ocular Development in Utero. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2024, 97: 41-48. PMID: 38559457, PMCID: PMC10964818, DOI: 10.59249/rrmm8911.
- Wisnewski A, Liu J. Lung Gene Expression Suggests Roles for Interferon-Stimulated Genes and Adenosine Deaminase Acting against RNA‑1 in Pathologic Responses to Diisocyanate. Chemical Research In Toxicology 2024, 37: 476-485. PMID: 38494904, PMCID: PMC11748834, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00325.
- Fliney G, Teng C, Liu J, Sarrafpour S. Ahmed ClearPath, PAUL Glaucoma Implant, and Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant. Current Practices In Ophthalmology 2023, 295-309. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1661-0_16.
- Fazen L, Abad Q, Smith R, Santiago R, Liu J, Wisnewski A, Redlich C. Occupational Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity in Healthcare Workers. Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Medicine 2023, 65: 521-528. PMID: 36893070, PMCID: PMC10227858, DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002831.
- Dhodapkar R, Jin A, Liu J. Acute Pain Management Protocol for Ophthalmic Procedures. 2023, 291-311. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21291-8_18.
- Fliney G, Kim E, Sarwana M, Wong S, Tai T, Liu J, Sarrafpour S, Chadha N, Teng C. Kahook Dual Blade versus Trabectome (KVT): Comparing Outcomes in Combination with Cataract Surgery. Clinical Ophthalmology 2023, 17: 145-154. PMID: 36647517, PMCID: PMC9840398, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s391527.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Glutathione reactivity with aliphatic polyisocyanates. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0271471. PMID: 35839242, PMCID: PMC9286259, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271471.
- Wisnewski AV, Cantley L, Luna J, Liu J, Smith RF, Hager K, Redlich CA. Changes Over Time in COVID-19 Incidence, Vaccinations, Serum Spike IgG, and Viral Neutralizing Potential Among Individuals From a North American Gaming Venue. Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Medicine 2022, 64: 788-796. PMID: 36054278, PMCID: PMC9426317, DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002617.
- Liu J, Arrigg C. Corticosteroid-Induced Glaucoma. 2022, 2541-2560. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_183.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Lucas C, Klein J, Iwasaki A, Cantley L, Fazen L, Luna J, Slade M, Redlich CA. Development and utilization of a surrogate SARS-CoV-2 viral neutralization assay to assess mRNA vaccine responses. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0262657. PMID: 35041700, PMCID: PMC8765639, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262657.
- Wisnewski AV, Cooney R, Hodgson M, Giese K, Liu J, Redlich CA. Severe asthma and death in a worker using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate MDI asthma death. American Journal Of Industrial Medicine 2022, 65: 166-172. PMID: 35028957, PMCID: PMC8846433, DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23323.
- Wisnewski AV, Redlich CA, Liu J, Kamath K, Abad QA, Smith RF, Fazen L, Santiago R, Luna J, Martinez B, Baum-Jones E, Waitz R, Haynes WA, Shon JC. Immunogenic amino acid motifs and linear epitopes of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0252849. PMID: 34499652, PMCID: PMC8428655, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252849.
- Zell J, Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Klein J, Lucas C, Slade M, Iwasaki A, Redlich CA. Associations of SARS-CoV-2 serum IgG with occupation and demographics of military personnel. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0251114. PMID: 34460832, PMCID: PMC8405017, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251114.
- Liu J. Chapter 17 Epigenetics in ocular medicine. 2021, 347-373. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823928-5.00003-7.
- Liu J, Arrigg C. Corticosteroid-Induced Glaucoma. 2020, 1-20. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90495-5_183-1.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA. Analysis of Lung Gene Expression Reveals a Role for Cl- channels in Diisocyanate Induced Airway Eosinophilia in a Mouse Model of Asthma Pathology. American Journal Of Respiratory Cell And Molecular Biology 2020, 0: 25-35. PMID: 32101465, PMCID: PMC7328250, DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0400oc.
- Ige M, Liu J. Herbal Medicines in Glaucoma Treatment. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2020, 93: 347-353. PMID: 32607093, PMCID: PMC7309662.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Molecular Characterization and Experimental Utility of Monoclonal Antibodies with Specificity for Aliphatic Di- and Polyisocyanates. Monoclonal Antibodies In Immunodiagnosis And Immunotherapy 2020, 39: 66-73. PMID: 32302507, PMCID: PMC7310211, DOI: 10.1089/mab.2020.0006.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. LC-UV-MS and MS/MS Characterize Glutathione Reactivity with Different Isomers (2,2' and 2,4' vs. 4,4') of Methylene Diphenyl-Diisocyanate. EC Pharmacology And Toxicology 2019, 7: 205-219. PMID: 31143884, PMCID: PMC6536005.
- Wisnewski AV, Nassar AF, Liu J, Bello D. Dilysine-Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI), a Urine Biomarker of MDI Exposure? Chemical Research In Toxicology 2019, 32: 557-565. PMID: 30724074, PMCID: PMC6465083, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00262.
- Chadha N, Warren JL, Liu J, Tsai JC, Teng CC. Seven- and eight-year trends in resident and fellow glaucoma surgical experience. Clinical Ophthalmology 2019, 13: 303-309. PMID: 30804662, PMCID: PMC6371949, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s185529.
- Yang A, Zhang X, Liu J, Chow J, Adelman R, Forster S. Educational and Scholarly Opportunities for Medical Students and Residents in Professional Ophthalmology Organizations. JAMA Ophthalmology 2018, 136: 1417-1419. PMID: 30326048, PMCID: PMC6594420, DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.3963.
- Yang A, Chow J, Liu J. Corneal Innervation and Sensation: The Eye and Beyond. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2018, 91: 13-21. PMID: 29599653, PMCID: PMC5872636.
- Yang AY, Kempton J, Liu J. Delayed cystoid macular oedema after uncomplicated laser peripheral iridotomy. Clinical And Experimental Ophthalmology 2018, 46: 823-824. PMID: 29468783, DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13180.
- Yang A, Liu J. Sequential cataract surgeries in a patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). BMJ Case Reports 2018, 2018: bcr-2018-224238. PMID: 29549136, PMCID: PMC5878276, DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224238.
- J Lu L, Hall L, Liu J. Improving Glaucoma Surgical Outcomes with Adjunct Tools. Journal Of Current Glaucoma Practice 2018, 12: 19-28. PMID: 29861578, PMCID: PMC5981089, DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1239.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA, Nassar AF. Polymerization of hexamethylene diisocyanate in solution and a 260.23 m/z [M+H]+ ion in exposed human cells. Analytical Biochemistry 2017, 543: 21-29. PMID: 29175138, PMCID: PMC5826792, DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.11.017.
- Wisnewski AV, Kanyo J, Asher J, Goodrich JA, Barnett G, Patrylak L, Liu J, Redlich CA, Nassar AF. Reaction products of hexamethylene diisocyanate vapors with “self” molecules in the airways of rabbits exposed via tracheostomy. Xenobiotica 2017, 48: 488-497. PMID: 28489470, PMCID: PMC5863241, DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1329569.
- Lu LJ, Tsai JC, Liu J. Novel Pharmacologic Candidates for Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2017, 90: 111-118. PMID: 28356898, PMCID: PMC5369028.
- Gauthier AC, Liu J. Epigenetics and Signaling Pathways in Glaucoma. BioMed Research International 2017, 2017: 5712341. PMID: 28210622, PMCID: PMC5292191, DOI: 10.1155/2017/5712341.
- Nguyen AT, Liu T, Liu J. Applications of Scheimpflug Imaging in Glaucoma Management: Current and Potential Applications. Journal Of Ophthalmology 2016, 2016: 3062381. PMID: 28044101, PMCID: PMC5164893, DOI: 10.1155/2016/3062381.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. Corrigendum to “Identification of novel reaction products of methylene-biS-phenylisocyanate (“MDI”) with oxidized glutathione in aqueous solution and also during incubation of MDI with a murine hepatic S9 fraction” [Toxicol. In vitro (2016) 97–104]. Toxicology In Vitro 2016, 38: 193. PMID: 27784537, DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.10.008.
- Xu SC, Gauthier AC, Liu J. The Application of a Contact Lens Sensor in Detecting 24‐Hour Intraocular Pressure‐Related Patterns. Journal Of Ophthalmology 2016, 2016: 4727423. PMID: 27525110, PMCID: PMC4976175, DOI: 10.1155/2016/4727423.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. Identification of novel reaction products of methylene-bis-phenylisocyanate (“MDI”) with oxidized glutathione in aqueous solution and also during incubation of MDI with a murine hepatic S9 fraction. Toxicology In Vitro 2016, 36: 97-104. PMID: 27453132, PMCID: PMC5010927, DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.07.011.
- Chadha N, Liu J, Maslin JS, Teng CC. Trends in ophthalmology resident surgical experience from 2009 to 2015. Clinical Ophthalmology 2016, 10: 1205-1208. PMID: 27418803, PMCID: PMC4935003, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s106293.
- Xu SC, Chow J, Liu J, Li L, Maslin JS, Chadha N, Chen B, Teng CC. Risk factors for visual impairment associated with corneal diseases in southern China. Clinical Ophthalmology 2016, 10: 777-782. PMID: 27194904, PMCID: PMC4859424, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s103302.
- Maslin JS, Teng CC, Chadha N, Liu J. Effect of supine body position on central corneal thickness. Clinical And Experimental Ophthalmology 2016, 44: 678-683. PMID: 26991869, DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12742.
- Gauthier AC, Liu J. Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Glaucoma. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2016, 89: 73-9. PMID: 27505018, PMCID: PMC4797839.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Nassar AF. In vitro cleavage of diisocyanate-glutathione conjugates by human gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-1. Xenobiotica 2015, 46: 726-732. PMID: 26678254, PMCID: PMC4848134, DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1118576.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Immunochemical detection of the occupational allergen, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), in situ. Journal Of Immunological Methods 2015, 429: 60-65. PMID: 26690039, PMCID: PMC4753098, DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.12.008.
- Sun X, Xu CS, Chadha N, Chen A, Liu J. Marijuana for Glaucoma: A Recipe for Disaster or Treatment? The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2015, 88: 265-9. PMID: 26339209, PMCID: PMC4553646.
- Kavoussi S, Liu J. Spontaneous hyphema and pupillary block in a patient with a left ventricular assist device. Digital Journal Of Ophthalmology 2015, 21: 1-9. PMID: 27330463, PMCID: PMC4902644, DOI: 10.5693/djo.02.2015.04.003.
- Chadha N, Liu J, Teng CC. Resident and Fellow Glaucoma Surgical Experience Following the Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study. Ophthalmology 2015, 122: 1953-1954. PMID: 25911055, DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.03.009.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Colangelo CM. Glutathione Reaction Products with a Chemical Allergen, Methylene-diphenyl Diisocyanate, Stimulate Alternative Macrophage Activation and Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation. Chemical Research In Toxicology 2015, 28: 729-737. PMID: 25635619, PMCID: PMC4667722, DOI: 10.1021/tx5005002.
- Gui W, Wisnewski AV, Neamtiu I, Gurzau E, Sparer JA, Stowe MH, Liu J, Slade MD, Rusu OA, Redlich CA. Inception cohort study of workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate at a polyurethane foam factory: Initial one‐year follow‐up. American Journal Of Industrial Medicine 2014, 57: 1207-1215. PMID: 25266741, PMCID: PMC4198484, DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22385.
- Nabili M, Shenoy A, Chawla S, Mahesh S, Liu J, Geist C, Zderic V. Ultrasound-enhanced ocular delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate: an in vivo study. Journal Of Therapeutic Ultrasound 2014, 2: 6. PMID: 24921047, PMCID: PMC4036608, DOI: 10.1186/2050-5736-2-6.
- Liu J, Lamba T, Belyea DA. Peripheral laser iridoplasty opens angle in plateau iris by thinning the cross-sectional tissues. Clinical Ophthalmology 2013, 7: 1895-1897. PMID: 24109168, PMCID: PMC3792924, DOI: 10.2147/opth.s47297.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA. Connecting glutathione with immune responses to occupational methylene diphenyl diisocyanate exposure. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2013, 205: 38-45. PMID: 23791970, PMCID: PMC3767171, DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.06.005.
- Nabili M, Patel H, Mahesh SP, Liu J, Geist C, Zderic V. Ultrasound-Enhanced Delivery of Antibiotics and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Into the Eye. Ultrasound In Medicine & Biology 2013, 39: 638-646. PMID: 23415283, PMCID: PMC3770302, DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.11.010.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J. Molecular determinants of humoral immune specificity for the occupational allergen, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. Molecular Immunology 2013, 54: 233-237. PMID: 23295252, PMCID: PMC3563841, DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.11.017.
- Wisnewski AV, Mhike M, Hettick JM, Liu J, Siegel PD. Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) vapor reactivity with glutathione and subsequent transfer to human albumin. Toxicology In Vitro 2012, 27: 662-671. PMID: 23178851, PMCID: PMC3587365, DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.013.
- Wang S, Mahesh SP, Liu J, Geist C, Zderic V. Focused ultrasound facilitated thermo-chemotherapy for targeted retinoblastoma treatment: A modeling study. Experimental Eye Research 2012, 100: 17-25. PMID: 22564972, DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.04.009.
- Hettick JM, Siegel PD, Green BJ, Liu J, Wisnewski AV. Vapor conjugation of toluene diisocyanate to specific lysines of human albumin. Analytical Biochemistry 2011, 421: 706-711. PMID: 22206939, PMCID: PMC3324820, DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.12.013.
- Wisnewski AV, Xu L, Robinson E, Liu J, Redlich CA, Herrick CA. Immune sensitization to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resulting from skin exposure: albumin as a carrier protein connecting skin exposure to subsequent respiratory responses. Journal Of Occupational Medicine And Toxicology 2011, 6: 6. PMID: 21414210, PMCID: PMC3068988, DOI: 10.1186/1745-6673-6-6.
- Ghahremani M, Nabili M, Mahesh S, Liu J, Belyea D, Geist C, Zderic V, Zaghloul M. Surface Acoustic Wave Devices for Ocular Drug Delivery. 2010, 872-875. DOI: 10.1109/ultsym.2010.5935970.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu J, Redlich CA. Antigenic changes in human albumin caused by reactivity with the occupational allergen diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Analytical Biochemistry 2010, 400: 251-258. PMID: 20123080, PMCID: PMC3106273, DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.01.037.
- Wisnewski AV, Liu Q, Liu J, Redlich CA. Glutathione protects human airway proteins and epithelial cells from isocyanates. Clinical & Experimental Allergy 2005, 35: 352-357. PMID: 15784115, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02185.x.
- Wisnewski AV, Stowe MH, Cartier A, Liu Q, Liu J, Chen L, Redlich CA. Isocyanate vapor-induced antigenicity of human albumin. The Journal Of Allergy And Clinical Immunology 2004, 113: 1178-1184. PMID: 15208602, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.03.009.
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- Yale Eye CenterTemple Medical Center40 Temple Street, Ste 3BNew Haven, CT 06510
- Yale Medicine Ophthalmology11 Woodland RoadMadison, CT 06443
- VA Connecticut Healthcare950 Campbell AvenueWest Haven, CT 06516