Gerald I Shulman, MD, PhD, MACP, MACE, FRCP

Internal Medicine, Endocrinology

Click here to view more about this specialist's research and educational efforts on https://medicine.yale.edu

Click here to view more about this specialist's research and educational efforts onhttps://medicine.yale.edu

Biography

Gerald I. Shulman, MD, PhD, specializes in endocrinology and metabolism. He is the co-director of the Yale Diabetes Research Center.

Dr. Shulman's research focuses on various aspects of metabolism, including liver function, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. His work explores genetic factors affecting liver function, fat production, and energy use, and the differences between healthy and unhealthy obesity.

A recipient of the Banting Medal for Lifetime Scientific Achievement, the Solomon Berson Award, and the Manpei Suzuki International Prize for Diabetes Research, Dr. Shulman is a George R. Cowgill Professor of Medicine (endocrinology) and professor of cellular and molecular physiology at Yale School of Medicine.

Titles

George R. Cowgill Professor of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Professor of Cellular And Molecular Physiology
Co-Director, Yale Diabetes Research Center, Internal Medicine
Director, Internal Medicine

Education & Training

Research Fellow
Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School (1984)
Resident
Duke University Medical Center (1981)
MD
Wayne State University (1979)
PhD
Wayne State University, Physiology (1979)

Additional Information

Honors & Recognitions

Board Certifications

Professional Service

Publications

The PNPLA3 I148M variant increases ketogenesis and decreases hepatic de novo lipogenesis and mitochondrial function in humans
Luukkonen P, Porthan K, Ahlholm N, Rosqvist F, Dufour S, Zhang X, Lehtimäki T, Seppänen W, Orho-Melander M, Hodson L, Petersen K, Shulman G, Yki-Järvinen H. The PNPLA3 I148M variant increases ketogenesis and decreases hepatic de novo lipogenesis and mitochondrial function in humans. Cell Metabolism 2023, 35: 1887-1896.e5. PMID: 37909034, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.008.
FRI032 Cellular Insights Into Metabolically Healthy And Unhealthy Obesity
Petersen M, Smith G, Yu J, Barve R, Yoshino J, Shulman G, Klein S. FRI032 Cellular Insights Into Metabolically Healthy And Unhealthy Obesity. Journal Of The Endocrine Society 2023, 7: bvad114.043. PMCID: PMC10555440, DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad114.043.
Hepatocyte CYR61 polarizes profibrotic macrophages to orchestrate NASH fibrosis
Mooring M, Yeung G, Luukkonen P, Liu S, Akbar M, Zhang G, Balogun O, Yu X, Mo R, Nejak-Bowen K, Poyurovsky M, Booth C, Konnikova L, Shulman G, Yimlamai D. Hepatocyte CYR61 polarizes profibrotic macrophages to orchestrate NASH fibrosis. Science Translational Medicine 2023, 15: eade3157. PMID: 37756381, PMCID: PMC10874639, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade3157.
MAD2-Dependent Insulin Receptor Endocytosis Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis.
Park J, Hall C, Hubbard B, LaMoia T, Gaspar R, Nasiri A, Li F, Zhang H, Kim J, Haeusler R, Accili D, Shulman G, Yu H, Choi E. MAD2-Dependent Insulin Receptor Endocytosis Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis. Diabetes 2023, 72: 1781-1794. PMID: 37725942, PMCID: PMC10658066, DOI: 10.2337/db23-0314.
849-P: Antidiabetic Effects of TLC-3595, a Selective ACC2 Inhibitor, in ZDF Rats
VIJAYAKUMAR A, MURAKAMI E, HUSS R, SRODA N, SHIMAZAKI A, KASHIWAGI Y, MYERS R, SUBRAMANIAN M, SHULMAN G. 849-P: Antidiabetic Effects of TLC-3595, a Selective ACC2 Inhibitor, in ZDF Rats. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-849-p.
222-OR: Metformin Reduces Fasting Glycemia in Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes by Promoting Aerobic Glycolysis Independent of Decreasing Endogenous Glucose Production
SARABHAI T, LAMOIA T, FRIESL S, JONUSCHEIT M, PETERSEN K, SHULMAN G, RODEN M. 222-OR: Metformin Reduces Fasting Glycemia in Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes by Promoting Aerobic Glycolysis Independent of Decreasing Endogenous Glucose Production. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-222-or.
191-OR: Deletion of the Type 2 Diabetes Candidate Gene SLC16A11 Reduces Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in Mice
EL-AGROUDY N, SCHUMANN T, KURZBACH A, SANCAR G, SANDFORTH L, HERRMANN C, SHULMAN G, BIRKENFELD A. 191-OR: Deletion of the Type 2 Diabetes Candidate Gene SLC16A11 Reduces Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in Mice. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-191-or.
192-OR: Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Brown Adipose Tissue Is Mediated by the sn-1,2 DAG-PKCe-IRKT1150 Phosphorylation Pathway
GASPAR R, HUBBARD B, SAKUMA I, LAMOIA T, ZHANG D, SHULMAN G. 192-OR: Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Brown Adipose Tissue Is Mediated by the sn-1,2 DAG-PKCe-IRKT1150 Phosphorylation Pathway. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-192-or.
1558-P: The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Regulates Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation and Intracellular Redox In Vivo
LAMOIA T, HUBBARD B, GUERRA M, GOODMAN R, NATHANSON M, SHULMAN G. 1558-P: The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Regulates Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation and Intracellular Redox In Vivo. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-1558-p.
1569-P: Lysophosphatidic Acid Mediates Inflammation in Liver and White Adipose Tissue in a Rat Model of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase 2 Deficiency
SAKUMA I, GASPAR R, LUUKKONEN P, KAHN M, MURRAY S, SAMUEL V, PETERSEN K, SHULMAN G. 1569-P: Lysophosphatidic Acid Mediates Inflammation in Liver and White Adipose Tissue in a Rat Model of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase 2 Deficiency. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-1569-p.
1510-P: Lipid-Induced Renal Cortical Insulin Resistance Perturbs Gluconeogenic and Oxidative Metabolism via an sn-1,2-diacylglycerol-PKCe-Insulin Receptor Kinase Axis In Vivo
HUBBARD B, GASPAR R, ZHANG D, KAHN M, NASIRI A, SHULMAN G. 1510-P: Lipid-Induced Renal Cortical Insulin Resistance Perturbs Gluconeogenic and Oxidative Metabolism via an sn-1,2-diacylglycerol-PKCe-Insulin Receptor Kinase Axis In Vivo. Diabetes 2023, 72 DOI: 10.2337/db23-1510-p.
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine modification is essential for physiological adipose expansion induced by high-fat feeding
Nakamoto A, Ohashi N, Sugawara L, Morino K, Ida S, Perry R, Sakuma I, Yanagimachi T, Fujita Y, Ugi S, Kume S, Shulman G, Maegawa H. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine modification is essential for physiological adipose expansion induced by high-fat feeding. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2023, 325: e46-e61. PMID: 37224467, PMCID: PMC10292976, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00263.2022.
Inhibition of HSD17B13 protects against liver fibrosis by inhibition of pyrimidine catabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Luukkonen P, Sakuma I, Gaspar R, Mooring M, Nasiri A, Kahn M, Zhang X, Zhang D, Sammalkorpi H, Penttilä A, Orho-Melander M, Arola J, Juuti A, Zhang X, Yimlamai D, Yki-Järvinen H, Petersen K, Shulman G. Inhibition of HSD17B13 protects against liver fibrosis by inhibition of pyrimidine catabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2023, 120: e2217543120. PMID: 36669104, PMCID: PMC9942818, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217543120.
Q-Flux: A method to assess hepatic mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, and glutaminase fluxes in vivo
Hubbard B, LaMoia T, Goedeke L, Gaspar R, Galsgaard K, Kahn M, Mason G, Shulman G. Q-Flux: A method to assess hepatic mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, and glutaminase fluxes in vivo. Cell Metabolism 2022, 35: 212-226.e4. PMID: 36516861, PMCID: PMC9887731, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.11.011.
Distinct subcellular localisation of intramyocellular lipids and reduced PKCε/PKCθ activity preserve muscle insulin sensitivity in exercise-trained mice
Gaspar R, Lyu K, Hubbard B, Leitner B, Luukkonen P, Hirabara S, Sakuma I, Nasiri A, Zhang D, Kahn M, Cline G, Pauli J, Perry R, Petersen K, Shulman G. Distinct subcellular localisation of intramyocellular lipids and reduced PKCε/PKCθ activity preserve muscle insulin sensitivity in exercise-trained mice. Diabetologia 2022, 66: 567-578. PMID: 36456864, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05838-8.
Deletion of Jazf1 gene causes early growth retardation and insulin resistance in mice
Lee H, Jang H, Li H, Samuel V, Dudek K, Osipovich A, Magnuson M, Sklar J, Shulman G. Deletion of Jazf1 gene causes early growth retardation and insulin resistance in mice. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2022, 119: e2213628119. PMID: 36442127, PMCID: PMC9894197, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2213628119.
Overexpression of UCP3 decreases mitochondrial efficiency in mouse skeletal muscle in vivo
Codella R, Alves TC, Befroy DE, Choi CS, Luzi L, Rothman DL, Kibbey RG, Shulman GI. Overexpression of UCP3 decreases mitochondrial efficiency in mouse skeletal muscle in vivo. FEBS Letters 2022, 597: 309-319. PMID: 36114012, DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14494.
Isthmin-1 is an adipokine that promotes glucose uptake and improves glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis
Z J, M Z, L V, Y J, MA A, T S, FY D, AM R, I C, JW K, M W, EA A, CL M, JP C, GI S, L T, ED R, CD G, BM S, KJ S. Isthmin-1 is an adipokine that promotes glucose uptake and improves glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis. 2022 DOI: 10.1530/ey.19.11.3.
Abstract P3032: Liver-directed Mitochondrial Uncoupling Attenuates The Progression Of Early And Late-stage Atherosclerosis In Mice
Goedeke L, Zhang X, Sun J, Canfran-Duque A, Rotllan N, Nasiri A, Kahn M, Zhang X, Hernando C, Shulman G. Abstract P3032: Liver-directed Mitochondrial Uncoupling Attenuates The Progression Of Early And Late-stage Atherosclerosis In Mice. Circulation Research 2022, 131: ap3032-ap3032. DOI: 10.1161/res.131.suppl_1.p3032.
SAT104 The effect of glucagon on rates of hepatic mitochondrial oxidation and pyruvate carboxylase flux in man assessed by positional isotopomer tracer analysis (PINTA)
Petersen K, Shulman G. SAT104 The effect of glucagon on rates of hepatic mitochondrial oxidation and pyruvate carboxylase flux in man assessed by positional isotopomer tracer analysis (PINTA). Journal Of Hepatology 2022, 77: s714-s715. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(22)01746-9.
SAT052 The PNPLA3 I148M variant increases intrahepatic lipolysis and beta oxidation and decreases de novo lipogenesis and hepatic mitochondrial function in humans
Luukkonen P, Porthan K, Ahlholm N, Rosqvist F, Dufour S, Zhang X, Dabek J, Lehtimäki T, Seppänen W, Orho-Melander M, Hodson L, Petersen K, Shulman G, Yki-Järvinen H. SAT052 The PNPLA3 I148M variant increases intrahepatic lipolysis and beta oxidation and decreases de novo lipogenesis and hepatic mitochondrial function in humans. Journal Of Hepatology 2022, 77: s690-s691. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(22)01698-1.
195-OR: A Novel 13C5 Glutamine Tracer Method (Q Flux) Reveals a Key Role of Succinyl CoA Anaplerosis in Promoting Increased Rates of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis during Hyperglucagonemia
HUBBARD B, SHULMAN G. 195-OR: A Novel 13C5 Glutamine Tracer Method (Q Flux) Reveals a Key Role of Succinyl CoA Anaplerosis in Promoting Increased Rates of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis during Hyperglucagonemia. Diabetes 2022, 71 DOI: 10.2337/db22-195-or.
1336-P: FoxO1-ATGL-Sirt1-FoxO1 Feed Forward Signaling Mediates Effects on Hepatic Gene Expression and Glucose Homeostasis in LIRKO Mice
O-SULLIVAN I, BHATTACHARYYA S, LIEW C, LEE S, CORDOBA-CHACON J, PERRY R, SHULMAN G, UNTERMAN T. 1336-P: FoxO1-ATGL-Sirt1-FoxO1 Feed Forward Signaling Mediates Effects on Hepatic Gene Expression and Glucose Homeostasis in LIRKO Mice. Diabetes 2022, 71 DOI: 10.2337/db22-1336-p.
219-LB: The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Regulates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Mitochondrial Oxidation
LAMOIA T, HUBBARD B, GUERRA M, GOODMAN R, NATHANSON M, MOOTHA V, SHULMAN G. 219-LB: The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Regulates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Mitochondrial Oxidation. Diabetes 2022, 71 DOI: 10.2337/db22-219-lb.
122-LB: Effect of Dapagliflozin on Mitochondrial Metabolism and Cardiac Function in the Failing Heart
GOEDEKE L, MA Y, ZHANG J, GUERRERA N, WU X, ZHANG D, KAHN M, ZHANG X, YOUNG L, SHULMAN G. 122-LB: Effect of Dapagliflozin on Mitochondrial Metabolism and Cardiac Function in the Failing Heart. Diabetes 2022, 71 DOI: 10.2337/db22-122-lb.
Human Kallistatin Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Diet Induced Obese Mice
Sandforth L, Reinke J, Brachs S, Willmes D, McBride J, Peter A, Spranger J, Ma J, Shulman G, Jordan J, Haufe S, Birkenfeld A. Human Kallistatin Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Diet Induced Obese Mice. Diabetologie Und Stoffwechsel 2022, 17: s14-s15. DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1746251.
Brown adipose TRX2 deficiency activates mtDNA-NLRP3 to impair thermogenesis and protect against diet-induced insulin resistance
Huang Y, Zhou JH, Zhang H, Canfrán-Duque A, Singh AK, Perry RJ, Shulman G, Fernandez-Hernando C, Min W. Brown adipose TRX2 deficiency activates mtDNA-NLRP3 to impair thermogenesis and protect against diet-induced insulin resistance. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2022, 132 PMID: 35202005, PMCID: PMC9057632, DOI: 10.1172/jci148852.
Ethnic and gender differences in hepatic lipid content and related cardiometabolic parameters in lean individuals
Petersen KF, Dufour S, Li F, Rothman DL, Shulman GI. Ethnic and gender differences in hepatic lipid content and related cardiometabolic parameters in lean individuals. JCI Insight 2022, 7 PMID: 35167495, PMCID: PMC9057590, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157906.
Metformin, phenformin, and galegine inhibit complex IV activity and reduce glycerol-derived gluconeogenesis
LaMoia TE, Butrico GM, Kalpage HA, Goedeke L, Hubbard BT, Vatner DF, Gaspar RC, Zhang XM, Cline GW, Nakahara K, Woo S, Shimada A, Hüttemann M, Shulman GI. Metformin, phenformin, and galegine inhibit complex IV activity and reduce glycerol-derived gluconeogenesis. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2022, 119: e2122287119. PMID: 35238637, PMCID: PMC8916010, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122287119.
Bioactive lipids and metabolic syndrome—a symposium report
DeVito LM, Dennis EA, Kahn BB, Shulman GI, Witztum JL, Sadhu S, Nickels J, Spite M, Smyth S, Spiegel S. Bioactive lipids and metabolic syndrome—a symposium report. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 2022, 1511: 87-106. PMID: 35218041, PMCID: PMC9219555, DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14752.
Dyrk1b promotes hepatic lipogenesis by bypassing canonical insulin signaling and directly activating mTORC2 in mice
Bhat N, Narayanan A, Fathzadeh M, Kahn M, Zhang D, Goedeke L, Neogi A, Cardone RL, Kibbey RG, Fernandez-Hernando C, Ginsberg HN, Jain D, Shulman G, Mani A. Dyrk1b promotes hepatic lipogenesis by bypassing canonical insulin signaling and directly activating mTORC2 in mice. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2022, 132: e153724. PMID: 34855620, PMCID: PMC8803348, DOI: 10.1172/jci153724.
Sex‐ and strain‐specific effects of mitochondrial uncoupling on age‐related metabolic diseases in high‐fat diet‐fed mice
Goedeke L, Murt KN, Di Francesco A, Camporez JP, Nasiri AR, Wang Y, Zhang X, Cline GW, de Cabo R, Shulman GI. Sex‐ and strain‐specific effects of mitochondrial uncoupling on age‐related metabolic diseases in high‐fat diet‐fed mice. Aging Cell 2022, 21: e13539. PMID: 35088525, PMCID: PMC8844126, DOI: 10.1111/acel.13539.
IL-27 signalling promotes adipocyte thermogenesis and energy expenditure
Wang Q, Li D, Cao G, Shi Q, Zhu J, Zhang M, Cheng H, Wen Q, Xu H, Zhu L, Zhang H, Perry RJ, Spadaro O, Yang Y, He S, Chen Y, Wang B, Li G, Liu Z, Yang C, Wu X, Zhou L, Zhou Q, Ju Z, Lu H, Xin Y, Yang X, Wang C, Liu Y, Shulman GI, Dixit VD, Lu L, Yang H, Flavell RA, Yin Z. IL-27 signalling promotes adipocyte thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Nature 2021, 600: 314-318. PMID: 34819664, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04127-5.
MMAB promotes negative feedback control of cholesterol homeostasis
Goedeke L, Canfrán-Duque A, Rotllan N, Chaube B, Thompson BM, Lee RG, Cline GW, McDonald JG, Shulman GI, Lasunción MA, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. MMAB promotes negative feedback control of cholesterol homeostasis. Nature Communications 2021, 12: 6448. PMID: 34750386, PMCID: PMC8575900, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26787-7.
CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution
Tarabra E, Nouws J, Vash‐Margita A, Hellerstein M, Shabanova V, McCollum S, Pierpont B, Zhao D, Shulman GI, Caprio S. CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution. Obesity 2021, 29: 2068-2080. PMID: 34672413, PMCID: PMC8612981, DOI: 10.1002/oby.23295.
Isthmin-1 is an adipokine that promotes glucose uptake and improves glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis
Jiang Z, Zhao M, Voilquin L, Jung Y, Aikio MA, Sahai T, Dou FY, Roche AM, Carcamo-Orive I, Knowles JW, Wabitsch M, Appel EA, Maikawa CL, Camporez JP, Shulman GI, Tsai L, Rosen ED, Gardner CD, Spiegelman BM, Svensson KJ. Isthmin-1 is an adipokine that promotes glucose uptake and improves glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis. Cell Metabolism 2021, 33: 1836-1852.e11. PMID: 34348115, PMCID: PMC8429235, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.07.010.
Publisher Correction: Deletion of the diabetes candidate gene Slc16a13 in mice attenuates diet-induced ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance
Schumann T, König J, von Loeffelholz C, Vatner DF, Zhang D, Perry RJ, Bernier M, Chami J, Henke C, Kurzbach A, El-Agroudy NN, Willmes DM, Pesta D, de Cabo R, O´Sullivan J, Simon E, Shulman GI, Hamilton BS, Birkenfeld AL. Publisher Correction: Deletion of the diabetes candidate gene Slc16a13 in mice attenuates diet-induced ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. Communications Biology 2021, 4: 890. PMID: 34262128, PMCID: PMC8280181, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02425-2.
Deletion of the diabetes candidate gene Slc16a13 in mice attenuates diet-induced ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance
Schumann T, König J, von Loeffelholz C, Vatner DF, Zhang D, Perry RJ, Bernier M, Chami J, Henke C, Kurzbach A, El-Agroudy NN, Willmes DM, Pesta D, de Cabo R, O´Sullivan J, Simon E, Shulman GI, Hamilton BS, Birkenfeld AL. Deletion of the diabetes candidate gene Slc16a13 in mice attenuates diet-induced ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. Communications Biology 2021, 4: 826. PMID: 34211098, PMCID: PMC8249653, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02279-8.
282-OR: The Effect of Glucagon on Rates of Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation and Pyruvate Carboxylase Flux in Man Assessed by Positional Isotopomer NMR Tracer Analysis (PINTA)
PETERSEN K, SHULMAN G. 282-OR: The Effect of Glucagon on Rates of Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation and Pyruvate Carboxylase Flux in Man Assessed by Positional Isotopomer NMR Tracer Analysis (PINTA). Diabetes 2021, 70 DOI: 10.2337/db21-282-or.
323-OR: SGLT2 Inhibition Promotes Myocardial Ketone Utilization in the Normal and Failing Heart
GOEDEKE L, LEE J, MA Y, HU X, ZHANG J, DONG J, GALSGAARD K, GUERRERA N, HAEDERSDAL S, ZHANG X, PERRY R, CLINE G, YOUNG L, SHULMAN G. 323-OR: SGLT2 Inhibition Promotes Myocardial Ketone Utilization in the Normal and Failing Heart. Diabetes 2021, 70 DOI: 10.2337/db21-323-or.
501-P: Lower Plasma Membrane Sn-1,2-Diacylglycerol Content and PKCepsilon/theta Activity Explain the Athlete’s Paradox
GASPAR R, LYU K, HUBBARD B, LEITNER B, LUUKKONEN P, HIRABARA S, SAKUMA I, NASIRI A, ZHANG D, KAHN M, CLINE G, PAULI J, PERRY R, PETERSEN K, SHULMAN G. 501-P: Lower Plasma Membrane Sn-1,2-Diacylglycerol Content and PKCepsilon/theta Activity Explain the Athlete’s Paradox. Diabetes 2021, 70 DOI: 10.2337/db21-501-p.
335-OR: Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in the Renal Cortex Is Associated with Plasma Membrane Sn-1,2-diacylglycerol Accumulation and PKCe Translocation
HUBBARD B, GASPAR R, ZHANG D, KAHN M, NASIRI A, ZHANG X, CLINE G, SHULMAN G. 335-OR: Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in the Renal Cortex Is Associated with Plasma Membrane Sn-1,2-diacylglycerol Accumulation and PKCe Translocation. Diabetes 2021, 70 DOI: 10.2337/db21-335-or.
281-OR: Endothelial Cell Cd36 Regulates Systemic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism
GOEDEKE L, SON N, LAMOIA T, NASIRI A, KAHN M, ZHANG X, CLINE G, GOLDBERG I, SHULMAN G. 281-OR: Endothelial Cell Cd36 Regulates Systemic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Diabetes 2021, 70 DOI: 10.2337/db21-281-or.
A Single Virtual Consult Reduces Severe Hyperglycemia in Patients Admitted with COVID19 Infection
Athonvarangkul D, Gunawan F, Nagel K, Bak L, Herold K, Hwang J, Jastreboff A, Kibbey R, Shulman G, Vatner D, Alausa J, Subair L, Inzucchi S. A Single Virtual Consult Reduces Severe Hyperglycemia in Patients Admitted with COVID19 Infection. Journal Of The Endocrine Society 2021, 5: a335-a335. PMCID: PMC8089507, DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.683.
Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Loomba R, Friedman SL, Shulman GI. Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Cell 2021, 184: 2537-2564. PMID: 33989548, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.015.
Validation of a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for the Measurement of the Redox State Metabolic Ratios Lactate/Pyruvate and β-Hydroxybutyrate/Acetoacetate in Biological Samples
Wijngaard R, Perramón M, Parra-Robert M, Hidalgo S, Butrico G, Morales-Ruiz M, Zeng M, Casals E, Jiménez W, Fernández-Varo G, Shulman GI, Cline GW, Casals G. Validation of a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for the Measurement of the Redox State Metabolic Ratios Lactate/Pyruvate and β-Hydroxybutyrate/Acetoacetate in Biological Samples. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22: 4752. PMID: 33946157, PMCID: PMC8125771, DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094752.
Point: An alternative hypothesis for why exposure to static magnetic and electric fields treats type 2 diabetes
Petersen KF, Rothman D, Shulman GI. Point: An alternative hypothesis for why exposure to static magnetic and electric fields treats type 2 diabetes. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2021, 320: e999-e1000. PMID: 33843279, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00657.2020.
Reply to Carter et al.: An alternative hypothesis for why exposure to static magnetic and electric fields treats type 2 diabetes
Petersen KF, Rothman D, Shulman GI. Reply to Carter et al.: An alternative hypothesis for why exposure to static magnetic and electric fields treats type 2 diabetes. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2021, 320: e1003-e1003. PMID: 33843277, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00120.2021.
Insulin-stimulated endoproteolytic TUG cleavage links energy expenditure with glucose uptake
Habtemichael EN, Li DT, Camporez JP, Westergaard XO, Sales CI, Liu X, López-Giráldez F, DeVries SG, Li H, Ruiz DM, Wang KY, Sayal BS, González Zapata S, Dann P, Brown SN, Hirabara S, Vatner DF, Goedeke L, Philbrick W, Shulman GI, Bogan JS. Insulin-stimulated endoproteolytic TUG cleavage links energy expenditure with glucose uptake. Nature Metabolism 2021, 3: 378-393. PMID: 33686286, PMCID: PMC7990718, DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00359-x.
Therapeutic potential of mitochondrial uncouplers for the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease and NASH
Goedeke L, Shulman GI. Therapeutic potential of mitochondrial uncouplers for the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease and NASH. Molecular Metabolism 2021, 46: 101178. PMID: 33545391, PMCID: PMC8085597, DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101178.
An update on brown adipose tissue biology: a discussion of recent findings
Gaspar RC, Pauli JR, Shulman GI, Muñoz VR. An update on brown adipose tissue biology: a discussion of recent findings. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2021, 320: e488-e495. PMID: 33459179, PMCID: PMC7988785, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00310.2020.
Short-term overnutrition induces white adipose tissue insulin resistance through sn-1,2-diacylglycerol – PKCε – insulin receptorT1160 phosphorylation
Lyu K, Zhang D, Song J, Li X, Perry RJ, Samuel VT, Shulman GI. Short-term overnutrition induces white adipose tissue insulin resistance through sn-1,2-diacylglycerol – PKCε – insulin receptorT1160 phosphorylation. JCI Insight 2021, 6: e139946. PMID: 33411692, PMCID: PMC7934919, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.139946.
A feed-forward regulatory loop in adipose tissue promotes signaling by the hepatokine FGF21
Han MS, Perry RJ, Camporez JP, Scherer PE, Shulman GI, Gao G, Davis RJ. A feed-forward regulatory loop in adipose tissue promotes signaling by the hepatokine FGF21. Genes & Development 2020, 35: 133-146. PMID: 33334822, PMCID: PMC7778269, DOI: 10.1101/gad.344556.120.
Mitophagy-mediated adipose inflammation contributes to type 2 diabetes with hepatic insulin resistance
He F, Huang Y, Song Z, Zhou HJ, Zhang H, Perry RJ, Shulman GI, Min W. Mitophagy-mediated adipose inflammation contributes to type 2 diabetes with hepatic insulin resistance. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2020, 218: e20201416. PMID: 33315085, PMCID: PMC7927432, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201416.
Hepatic Insulin Resistance Is Not Pathway Selective in Humans With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Ter Horst KW, Vatner DF, Zhang D, Cline GW, Ackermans MT, Nederveen AJ, Verheij J, Demirkiran A, van Wagensveld BA, Dallinga-Thie GM, Nieuwdorp M, Romijn JA, Shulman GI, Serlie MJ. Hepatic Insulin Resistance Is Not Pathway Selective in Humans With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Care 2020, 44: 489-498. PMID: 33293347, PMCID: PMC7818337, DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1644.
Mechanisms by which adiponectin reverses high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice
Li X, Zhang D, Vatner DF, Goedeke L, Hirabara SM, Zhang Y, Perry RJ, Shulman GI. Mechanisms by which adiponectin reverses high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 117: 32584-32593. PMID: 33293421, PMCID: PMC7768680, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922169117.
Effect of a Low-Fat Vegan Diet on Body Weight, Insulin Sensitivity, Postprandial Metabolism, and Intramyocellular and Hepatocellular Lipid Levels in Overweight Adults
Kahleova H, Petersen KF, Shulman GI, Alwarith J, Rembert E, Tura A, Hill M, Holubkov R, Barnard ND. Effect of a Low-Fat Vegan Diet on Body Weight, Insulin Sensitivity, Postprandial Metabolism, and Intramyocellular and Hepatocellular Lipid Levels in Overweight Adults. JAMA Network Open 2020, 3: e2025454. PMID: 33252690, PMCID: PMC7705596, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25454.
Leptin mediates postprandial increases in body temperature through hypothalamus–adrenal medulla–adipose tissue crosstalk
RJ P, K L, A R, J D, X L, Y Y, H Q, A W, X Y, GI S. Leptin mediates postprandial increases in body temperature through hypothalamus–adrenal medulla–adipose tissue crosstalk. 2020 DOI: 10.1530/ey.17.11.7.
Leptin’s hunger-suppressing effects are mediated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis in rodents
RJ P, JM R, AM D, JC M, A R, H K, C W, JD S, BB L, GI S. Leptin’s hunger-suppressing effects are mediated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis in rodents. 2020 DOI: 10.1530/ey.17.11.6.
A MicroRNA Linking Human Positive Selection and Metabolic Disorders
Wang L, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Wagschal A, Wark AR, Camporez JP, Perry RJ, Ji F, Sohn Y, Oh J, Wu S, Chery J, Moud BN, Saadat A, Dankel SN, Mellgren G, Tallapragada DSP, Strobel SM, Lee MJ, Tewhey R, Sabeti PC, Schaefer A, Petri A, Kauppinen S, Chung RT, Soukas A, Avruch J, Fried SK, Hauner H, Sadreyev RI, Shulman GI, Claussnitzer M, Näär AM. A MicroRNA Linking Human Positive Selection and Metabolic Disorders. Cell 2020, 183: 684-701.e14. PMID: 33058756, PMCID: PMC8092355, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.017.
Dissociation of Muscle Insulin Resistance from Alterations in Mitochondrial Substrate Preference
Song JD, Alves TC, Befroy DE, Perry RJ, Mason GF, Zhang XM, Munk A, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Cline GW, Rothman DL, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Dissociation of Muscle Insulin Resistance from Alterations in Mitochondrial Substrate Preference. Cell Metabolism 2020, 32: 726-735.e5. PMID: 33035493, PMCID: PMC8218871, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.09.008.
Obesity-Linked PPARγ S273 Phosphorylation Promotes Insulin Resistance through Growth Differentiation Factor 3
Hall JA, Ramachandran D, Roh HC, DiSpirito JR, Belchior T, Zushin PH, Palmer C, Hong S, Mina AI, Liu B, Deng Z, Aryal P, Jacobs C, Tenen D, Brown CW, Charles JF, Shulman GI, Kahn BB, Tsai LTY, Rosen ED, Spiegelman BM, Banks AS. Obesity-Linked PPARγ S273 Phosphorylation Promotes Insulin Resistance through Growth Differentiation Factor 3. Cell Metabolism 2020, 32: 665-675.e6. PMID: 32941798, PMCID: PMC7543662, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.08.016.
Membrane-bound sn-1,2-diacylglycerols explain the dissociation of hepatic insulin resistance from hepatic steatosis in MTTP knockout mice
Abulizi A, Vatner DF, Ye Z, Wang Y, Camporez JP, Zhang D, Kahn M, Lyu K, Sirwi A, Cline GW, Hussain MM, Aspichueta P, Samuel VT, Shulman GI. Membrane-bound sn-1,2-diacylglycerols explain the dissociation of hepatic insulin resistance from hepatic steatosis in MTTP knockout mice. Journal Of Lipid Research 2020, 61: 1565-1576. PMID: 32907986, PMCID: PMC7707176, DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000586.
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Metformin Action
LaMoia TE, Shulman GI. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Metformin Action. Endocrine Reviews 2020, 42: 77-96. PMID: 32897388, PMCID: PMC7846086, DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa023.
A Membrane-Bound Diacylglycerol Species Induces PKCϵ-Mediated Hepatic Insulin Resistance
Lyu K, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Kahn M, Ter Horst KW, Rodrigues MRS, Gaspar RC, Hirabara SM, Luukkonen PK, Lee S, Bhanot S, Rinehart J, Blume N, Rasch MG, Serlie MJ, Bogan JS, Cline GW, Samuel VT, Shulman GI. A Membrane-Bound Diacylglycerol Species Induces PKCϵ-Mediated Hepatic Insulin Resistance. Cell Metabolism 2020, 32: 654-664.e5. PMID: 32882164, PMCID: PMC7544641, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.08.001.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: Understanding the mechanisms for therapeutic promise and persisting risks
Perry RJ, Shulman GI. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: Understanding the mechanisms for therapeutic promise and persisting risks. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2020, 295: 14379-14390. PMID: 32796035, PMCID: PMC7573269, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.008387.
Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging
Correa-de-Araujo R, Addison O, Miljkovic I, Goodpaster BH, Bergman BC, Clark RV, Elena JW, Esser KA, Ferrucci L, Harris-Love MO, Kritchevsky SB, Lorbergs A, Shepherd JA, Shulman GI, Rosen CJ. Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging. Frontiers In Physiology 2020, 11: 963. PMID: 32903666, PMCID: PMC7438777, DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00963.
AS018 Carbohydrate restriction reverses NAFLD by altering hepatic mitochondrial fluxes in humans
Luukkonen P, Dufour S, Lyu K, Zhang X, Hakkarainen A, Lehtimäki T, Cline G, Petersen K, Shulman G, Yki-Järvinen H. AS018 Carbohydrate restriction reverses NAFLD by altering hepatic mitochondrial fluxes in humans. Journal Of Hepatology 2020, 73: s14. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(20)30588-2.
OGT suppresses S6K1-mediated macrophage inflammation and metabolic disturbance
Yang Y, Li X, Luan HH, Zhang B, Zhang K, Nam JH, Li Z, Fu M, Munk A, Zhang D, Wang S, Liu Y, Albuquerque JP, Ong Q, Li R, Wang Q, Robert ME, Perry RJ, Chung D, Shulman GI, Yang X. OGT suppresses S6K1-mediated macrophage inflammation and metabolic disturbance. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 117: 16616-16625. PMID: 32601203, PMCID: PMC7368321, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916121117.
Erratum. TFAM Enhances Fat Oxidation and Attenuates High-Fat Diet–Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle. Diabetes 2019;68:1552–1564
Koh JH, Johnson ML, Dasari S, LeBrasseur NK, Vuckovic I, Henderson GC, Cooper SA, Manjunatha S, Ruegsegger GN, Shulman GI, Lanza IR, Nair KS. Erratum. TFAM Enhances Fat Oxidation and Attenuates High-Fat Diet–Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle. Diabetes 2019;68:1552–1564. Diabetes 2020, 69: 1854-1854. PMID: 32532806, PMCID: PMC7519475, DOI: 10.2337/db20-er08a.
224-LB: Role of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in the Regulation of Hepatic Mitochondrial Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis
LAMOIA T, LEE J, GUERRA M, GOODMAN R, SHULMAN G. 224-LB: Role of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in the Regulation of Hepatic Mitochondrial Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-224-lb.
220-LB: Glucagon Promotes Hepatic Autophagy by AMPK-Mediated mTORC1 Inhibition
GALSGAARD K, WEWER ALBRECHTSEN N, HOLST J, SHULMAN G, PETERSEN K, NASIRI A, CLINE G, ZHANG X, LEE J, HUBBARD B. 220-LB: Glucagon Promotes Hepatic Autophagy by AMPK-Mediated mTORC1 Inhibition. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-220-lb.
459-P: Liver-Targeted Mitochondrial Uncoupling by CRMP Improves Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity and Attenuates Atherosclerosis in A LDLR-/- Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome
GOEDEKE L, ROTLLAN N, TOUSSAINT K, NASIRI A, ZHANG X, LEE J, ZHANG X, FERNÁNDEZ-HERNANDO C, SHULMAN G. 459-P: Liver-Targeted Mitochondrial Uncoupling by CRMP Improves Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity and Attenuates Atherosclerosis in A LDLR-/- Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-459-p.
1713-P: Adipocyte O-GlcNAc Transferase Regulate Adipogenesis through De Novo Lipogenesis in Mice
MORINO K, TSUJI A, OHASHI N, IDA S, PERRY R, UGI S, FUJITA Y, SHULMAN G, MAEGAWA H. 1713-P: Adipocyte O-GlcNAc Transferase Regulate Adipogenesis through De Novo Lipogenesis in Mice. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1713-p.
205-OR: Hepatic Protein Kinase C-e Is Necessary and Sufficient in Mediating Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance
LYU K, ZHANG D, KAHN M, RODRIGUES M, HIRABARA S, LUUKKONEN P, LEE S, BHANOT S, RINEHART J, BLUME N, RASCH M, SERLIE M, BOGAN J, CLINE G, SAMUEL V, SHULMAN G. 205-OR: Hepatic Protein Kinase C-e Is Necessary and Sufficient in Mediating Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-205-or.
MON-635 FDXR Regulates Iron Metabolism and Glucose Metabolism in Liver
Sakuma I, Yokoyama M, Yamagata K, Hashimoto N, Nakayama A, Shulman G, Tanaka T. MON-635 FDXR Regulates Iron Metabolism and Glucose Metabolism in Liver. Journal Of The Endocrine Society 2020, 4: mon-635. PMCID: PMC7207756, DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1557.
The omentum of obese girls harbors small adipocytes and browning transcripts
Tarabra E, Nouws J, Vash-Margita A, Nadzam GS, Goldberg-Gell R, Van Name M, Pierpont B, Knight J, Shulman GI, Caprio S. The omentum of obese girls harbors small adipocytes and browning transcripts. JCI Insight 2020, 5 PMID: 32125283, PMCID: PMC7213797, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135448.
Metabolic control analysis of hepatic glycogen synthesis in vivo
Nozaki Y, Petersen MC, Zhang D, Vatner DF, Perry RJ, Abulizi A, Haedersdal S, Zhang XM, Butrico GM, Samuel VT, Mason GF, Cline GW, Petersen KF, Rothman DL, Shulman GI. Metabolic control analysis of hepatic glycogen synthesis in vivo. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 117: 8166-8176. PMID: 32188779, PMCID: PMC7149488, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921694117.
One-leg inactivity induces a reduction in mitochondrial oxidative capacity, intramyocellular lipid accumulation and reduced insulin signalling upon lipid infusion: a human study with unilateral limb suspension
Bilet L, Phielix E, van de Weijer T, Gemmink A, Bosma M, Moonen-Kornips E, Jorgensen JA, Schaart G, Zhang D, Meijer K, Hopman M, Hesselink MKC, Ouwens DM, Shulman GI, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Schrauwen P. One-leg inactivity induces a reduction in mitochondrial oxidative capacity, intramyocellular lipid accumulation and reduced insulin signalling upon lipid infusion: a human study with unilateral limb suspension. Diabetologia 2020, 63: 1211-1222. PMID: 32185462, PMCID: PMC7228997, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05128-1.
Effect of a ketogenic diet on hepatic steatosis and hepatic mitochondrial metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Luukkonen PK, Dufour S, Lyu K, Zhang XM, Hakkarainen A, Lehtimäki TE, Cline GW, Petersen KF, Shulman GI, Yki-Järvinen H. Effect of a ketogenic diet on hepatic steatosis and hepatic mitochondrial metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 117: 7347-7354. PMID: 32179679, PMCID: PMC7132133, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922344117.
Leptin mediates postprandial increases in body temperature through hypothalamus–adrenal medulla–adipose tissue crosstalk
Perry RJ, Lyu K, Rabin-Court A, Dong J, Li X, Yang Y, Qing H, Wang A, Yang X, Shulman GI. Leptin mediates postprandial increases in body temperature through hypothalamus–adrenal medulla–adipose tissue crosstalk. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2020, 130: 2001-2016. PMID: 32149734, PMCID: PMC7108915, DOI: 10.1172/jci134699.
Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis by INSP3R1-mediated hepatic lipolysis
Perry RJ, Zhang D, Guerra MT, Brill AL, Goedeke L, Nasiri AR, Rabin-Court A, Wang Y, Peng L, Dufour S, Zhang Y, Zhang XM, Butrico GM, Toussaint K, Nozaki Y, Cline GW, Petersen KF, Nathanson MH, Ehrlich BE, Shulman GI. Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis by INSP3R1-mediated hepatic lipolysis. Nature 2020, 579: 279-283. PMID: 32132708, PMCID: PMC7101062, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2074-6.
Slc20a1/Pit1 and Slc20a2/Pit2 are essential for normal skeletal myofiber function and survival
Chande S, Caballero D, Ho BB, Fetene J, Serna J, Pesta D, Nasiri A, Jurczak M, Chavkin NW, Hernando N, Giachelli CM, Wagner CA, Zeiss C, Shulman GI, Bergwitz C. Slc20a1/Pit1 and Slc20a2/Pit2 are essential for normal skeletal myofiber function and survival. Scientific Reports 2020, 10: 3069. PMID: 32080237, PMCID: PMC7033257, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59430-4.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, and Potential Genetic ImplicationsPotential Role of Alterations in Mitochondrial Function in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
Sangwung P, Petersen KF, Shulman GI, Knowles JW. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, and Potential Genetic ImplicationsPotential Role of Alterations in Mitochondrial Function in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Endocrinology 2020, 161: bqaa017. PMID: 32060542, PMCID: PMC7341556, DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa017.
Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation by interleukin 6
Han MS, White A, Perry RJ, Camporez JP, Hidalgo J, Shulman GI, Davis RJ. Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation by interleukin 6. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 117: 2751-2760. PMID: 31980524, PMCID: PMC7022151, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920004117.
Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance
Petersen M, Samuel V, Petersen K, Shulman G. Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance. 2020, 455-471. DOI: 10.1002/9781119436812.ch37.
Mechanistic Links between Obesity, Insulin, and Cancer
Perry RJ, Shulman GI. Mechanistic Links between Obesity, Insulin, and Cancer. Trends In Cancer 2020, 6: 75-78. PMID: 32061306, PMCID: PMC7214048, DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.12.003.
The integrative biology of type 2 diabetes
Roden M, Shulman GI. The integrative biology of type 2 diabetes. Nature 2019, 576: 51-60. PMID: 31802013, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1797-8.
Distinct Hepatic PKA and CDK Signaling Pathways Control Activity-Independent Pyruvate Kinase Phosphorylation and Hepatic Glucose Production
Gassaway BM, Cardone RL, Padyana AK, Petersen MC, Judd ET, Hayes S, Tong S, Barber KW, Apostolidi M, Abulizi A, Sheetz JB, Kshitiz, Aerni HR, Gross S, Kung C, Samuel VT, Shulman GI, Kibbey RG, Rinehart J. Distinct Hepatic PKA and CDK Signaling Pathways Control Activity-Independent Pyruvate Kinase Phosphorylation and Hepatic Glucose Production. Cell Reports 2019, 29: 3394-3404.e9. PMID: 31825824, PMCID: PMC6951436, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.009.
Hepatic insulin sensitivity is improved in high‐fat diet‐fed Park2 knockout mice in association with increased hepatic AMPK activation and reduced steatosis
Edmunds LR, Huckestein BR, Kahn M, Zhang D, Chu Y, Zhang Y, Wendell SG, Shulman GI, Jurczak MJ. Hepatic insulin sensitivity is improved in high‐fat diet‐fed Park2 knockout mice in association with increased hepatic AMPK activation and reduced steatosis. Physiological Reports 2019, 7: e14281. PMID: 31724300, PMCID: PMC6854109, DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14281.
Adipsin preserves beta cells in diabetic mice and associates with protection from type 2 diabetes in humans
Gómez-Banoy N, Guseh JS, Li G, Rubio-Navarro A, Chen T, Poirier B, Putzel G, Rosselot C, Pabón MA, Camporez JP, Bhambhani V, Hwang SJ, Yao C, Perry RJ, Mukherjee S, Larson MG, Levy D, Dow LE, Shulman GI, Dephoure N, Garcia-Ocana A, Hao M, Spiegelman BM, Ho JE, Lo JC. Adipsin preserves beta cells in diabetic mice and associates with protection from type 2 diabetes in humans. Nature Medicine 2019, 25: 1739-1747. PMID: 31700183, PMCID: PMC7256970, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0610-4.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Insulin Resistance, and Ceramides
Samuel VT, Shulman GI. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Insulin Resistance, and Ceramides. New England Journal Of Medicine 2019, 381: 1866-1869. PMID: 31693811, DOI: 10.1056/nejmcibr1910023.
Controlled-release mitochondrial protonophore (CRMP) reverses dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in dysmetabolic nonhuman primates
Goedeke L, Peng L, Montalvo-Romeral V, Butrico GM, Dufour S, Zhang XM, Perry RJ, Cline GW, Kievit P, Chng K, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Controlled-release mitochondrial protonophore (CRMP) reverses dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in dysmetabolic nonhuman primates. Science Translational Medicine 2019, 11 PMID: 31578240, PMCID: PMC6996238, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay0284.
Anti‐inflammatory effects of oestrogen mediate the sexual dimorphic response to lipid‐induced insulin resistance
Camporez JP, Lyu K, Goldberg EL, Zhang D, Cline GW, Jurczak MJ, Dixit VD, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Anti‐inflammatory effects of oestrogen mediate the sexual dimorphic response to lipid‐induced insulin resistance. The Journal Of Physiology 2019, 597: 3885-3903. PMID: 31206703, PMCID: PMC6876753, DOI: 10.1113/jp277270.
Abstract 797: Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation
Rabin-Court A, Shulman G, Perry R. Abstract 797: Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation. 2019, 797-797. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-797.
Abstract 797: Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation
Rabin-Court A, Shulman G, Perry R. Abstract 797: Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation. Cancer Research 2019, 79: 797-797. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-797.
99-OR: Leptin Mediates Postprandial Thermogenesis through a Hypothalamic-Adrenomedullary-BAT Axis
PERRY R, RABIN-COURT A, DONG J, LYU K, LI X, SHULMAN G. 99-OR: Leptin Mediates Postprandial Thermogenesis through a Hypothalamic-Adrenomedullary-BAT Axis. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-99-or.
225-OR: Key Role for Glucose-Alanine Cycling in the Regulation of Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation during Starvation in Humans
PETERSEN K, DUFOUR S, CLINE G, SHULMAN G. 225-OR: Key Role for Glucose-Alanine Cycling in the Regulation of Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation during Starvation in Humans. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-225-or.
283-LB: Dissociating Insulin Signaling and SREBP1c Action from the Lipogenic Drive Seen in Human and Murine Hepatic Insulin Resistance
VATNER D, TER HORST K, GOEDEKE L, ZHANG D, SAMUEL V, SERLIE M, SHULMAN G. 283-LB: Dissociating Insulin Signaling and SREBP1c Action from the Lipogenic Drive Seen in Human and Murine Hepatic Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-283-lb.
1782-P: Mechanism of Lipid-Induced White Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance
ZHANG Y, ZHANG D, LYU K, SONG J, LI X, PERRY R, SAMUEL V, SHULMAN G. 1782-P: Mechanism of Lipid-Induced White Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1782-p.
97-OR: Leptin's Hunger-Suppressing Effects Are Mediated by the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Axis
PERRY R, RESCH J, DOUGLASS A, MADARA J, SONG J, WU C, LOWELL B, SHULMAN G. 97-OR: Leptin's Hunger-Suppressing Effects Are Mediated by the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Axis. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-97-or.
288-LB: Effects of the Hepatic Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter on Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Awake Mice
LEE J, GOEDEKE L, ZHANG Y, PERRY R, GOODMAN R, MOOTHA V, SHULMAN G. 288-LB: Effects of the Hepatic Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter on Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Awake Mice. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-288-lb.
165-OR: The Mechanisms by Which Adiponectin Reverses Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet Fed Mice
LI X, ZHANG D, PERRY R, VATNER D, GOEDEKE L, ZHANG Y, SHULMAN G. 165-OR: The Mechanisms by Which Adiponectin Reverses Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet Fed Mice. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-165-or.
19-OR: Controlled-Release Mitochondrial Protonophore (CRMP) Reverses Hypertriglyceridemia and Hepatic Steatosis in Dysmetabolic Nonhuman Primates
GOEDEKE L, ROMERAL V, BUTRICO G, KAHN M, DUFOUR S, ZHANG X, CLINE G, PETERSEN K, CHNG K, SHULMAN G. 19-OR: Controlled-Release Mitochondrial Protonophore (CRMP) Reverses Hypertriglyceridemia and Hepatic Steatosis in Dysmetabolic Nonhuman Primates. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-19-or.
266-OR: Plasma Membrane sn-1,2 Diacylglycerol Mediates Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance
LYU K, ZHANG Y, ZHANG D, KAHN M, NOZAKI Y, BHANOT S, BOGAN J, CLINE G, SAMUEL V, SHULMAN G. 266-OR: Plasma Membrane sn-1,2 Diacylglycerol Mediates Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-266-or.
Unraveling the Athlete’s Paradox—Higher Insulin Sensitivity and Lower PKC? Activation Despite Higher Bioactive Lipids in Endurance-Trained Athletes
PESTA D, ANADOL-SCHMITZ E, GANCHEVA S, MARKGRAF D, ZAHARIA O, KATSUYAMA H, KUPRIYANOVA Y, HWANG J, ZHANG D, SHULMAN G, RODEN M. Unraveling the Athlete’s Paradox—Higher Insulin Sensitivity and Lower PKC? Activation Despite Higher Bioactive Lipids in Endurance-Trained Athletes. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-267-lb.
Effect of a Controlled-Release Mitochondrial Protonophore (CRMP) on Healthspan and Lifespan in Mice
GOEDEKE L, CAMPOREZ J, NASIRI A, WANG Y, ZHANG X, SHULMAN G. Effect of a Controlled-Release Mitochondrial Protonophore (CRMP) on Healthspan and Lifespan in Mice. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-123-lb.
Loss of Nucleobindin-2 Causes Insulin Resistance in Obesity without Impacting Satiety or Adiposity
Ravussin A, Youm YH, Sander J, Ryu S, Nguyen K, Varela L, Shulman GI, Sidorov S, Horvath TL, Schultze JL, Dixit VD. Loss of Nucleobindin-2 Causes Insulin Resistance in Obesity without Impacting Satiety or Adiposity. Cell Reports 2018, 24: 1085-1092.e6. PMID: 30067966, PMCID: PMC6223120, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.112.
Membrane sn-1,2 Diacylglycerol Mediates Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance In Vivo
LYU K, ZHANG D, NOZAKI Y, ZHANG Y, BHANOT S, CLINE G, SAMUEL V, SHULMAN G. Membrane sn-1,2 Diacylglycerol Mediates Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance In Vivo. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-243-lb.
Evidence against Pathway-Selective Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Mice
VATNER D, PETERSEN M, LI X, ROGERS J, CLINE G, SAMUEL V, SHULMAN G. Evidence against Pathway-Selective Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Mice. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1766-p.
Mechanism by Which Dapagliflozin Induces Euglycemic Ketoacidosis in Rats
PERRY R, SONG J, WANG Y, SHULMAN G. Mechanism by Which Dapagliflozin Induces Euglycemic Ketoacidosis in Rats. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-254-or.
Metabolic Inflexibility Revisited—Muscle Substrate Oxidation Is Mechanistically Dissociated from Muscle Insulin Resistance in Rats
SONG J, PERRY R, MUNK A, ZHANG Y, ZHANG D, SHULMAN G. Metabolic Inflexibility Revisited—Muscle Substrate Oxidation Is Mechanistically Dissociated from Muscle Insulin Resistance in Rats. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-240-lb.
Mechanisms by Which Glucagon Acutely Stimulates Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation and Gluconeogenesis
PERRY R, WANG Y, BRILL A, PENG L, ZHANG D, DUFOUR S, ZHANG Y, ZHANG X, NOZAKI Y, CLINE G, EHRLICH B, PETERSEN K, SHULMAN G. Mechanisms by Which Glucagon Acutely Stimulates Hepatic Mitochondrial Oxidation and Gluconeogenesis. Diabetes 2018, 67 DOI: 10.2337/db18-146-or.
THU-450 Mechanism for hypertriglyceridemia and effect of fibrate coadministration during acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor treatment
Goedeke L, Bates J, Vatner D, Perry R, Ellis M, Wang T, Subramanian M, Myers R, Ray A, Shulman G. THU-450 Mechanism for hypertriglyceridemia and effect of fibrate coadministration during acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor treatment. Journal Of Hepatology 2018, 68: s333. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(18)30885-7.
Pathogenesis of hypothyroidism-induced NAFLD is driven by intra- and extrahepatic mechanisms
Ferrandino G, Kaspari RR, Spadaro O, Reyna-Neyra A, Perry RJ, Cardone R, Kibbey RG, Shulman GI, Dixit VD, Carrasco N. Pathogenesis of hypothyroidism-induced NAFLD is driven by intra- and extrahepatic mechanisms. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2017, 114: e9172-e9180. PMID: 29073114, PMCID: PMC5664516, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707797114.
Fatty liver and whole-body insulin resistance relate to myocardial lipotoxicity
Hernandez E, Jelenik T, Flögel U, Rothe M, Rokitta I, Shulman G, Roden M, Szendroedi J. Fatty liver and whole-body insulin resistance relate to myocardial lipotoxicity. Diabetologie Und Stoffwechsel 2017, 12: s1-s84. DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601610.
Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes
Roden M, Petersen K, Shulman G. Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes. 2016, 174-186. DOI: 10.1002/9781118924853.ch13.
Chapter 43 Metabolic Syndrome
Ruderman N, Shulman G. Chapter 43 Metabolic Syndrome. 2016, 752-769.e7. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-18907-1.00043-3.
A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents
Kursawe R, Dixit VD, Scherer PE, Santoro N, Narayan D, Gordillo R, Giannini C, Lopez X, Pierpont B, Nouws J, Shulman GI, Caprio S. A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents. Diabetes 2015, 65: 610-618. PMID: 26718495, PMCID: PMC4764142, DOI: 10.2337/db15-1478.
Macrophage-specific de Novo Synthesis of Ceramide Is Dispensable for Inflammasome-driven Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Obesity*
Camell CD, Nguyen KY, Jurczak MJ, Christian BE, Shulman GI, Shadel GS, Dixit VD. Macrophage-specific de Novo Synthesis of Ceramide Is Dispensable for Inflammasome-driven Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Obesity*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2015, 290: 29402-29413. PMID: 26438821, PMCID: PMC4705943, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.680199.
Metabolism and Aging: From Molecular Physiology to Systems Biology: 2015 meeting abstracts
Sharma L, Bai Y, Chou C, Bain J, Fillenbaum G, Pieper C, Cohen H, Huffman K, Kraus V, Camell C, Youm Y, Spadaro O, Ravussin A, Nguyen K, O'Neill L, Kaech S, Dixit V, Gribble K, Welch D, Hambright S, Munkácsy E, Khan M, Park J, Lane R, Bokov A, Link C, Rea S, Nizamutdinova I, Dusio G, Tobin R, Zawieja D, Newell-Rogers M, Santambrogio L, Gashev A, Westbrook R, Langdon J, Roy C, Yang H, Choudhury P, Xue Q, de Cabo R, Walston J, Schuld N, Ferrington D, Zhou Y, Liang H, Zhang N, Musi N, Rodriguez K, Khan M, Buffenstein R, Fisher A, Apple D, Fonseca R, dos Santos M, Mahesula S, Shu C, Kokovay E, Grimes K, Barefield D, Sadayappan S, Buffenstein R, Hussong S, Burbank R, Halloran J, Lin A, Soto V, Galvan V, Valentine J, Orr M, Liang H, Zhou Y, Musi N, Jahrling J, Derosa N, Lin A, Hussong S, Burbank R, Halloran J, Asmis R, Galvan V, Martinez P, Martinez V, Fernandez E, Strong R, Ahmed A, Alnabbat K, Smoczer C, Shah M, Ikeno Y, Cabelof D, Fonseca R, Mahesula S, Apple D, Raghunathan R, Dugan A, Cardona A, O'Connor J, Kokovay E, Manaye K, O'Neil J, Duttaroy A, Stout M, Jurk D, Jurczak M, Evans G, Zhu Y, Singh R, Lebrasseur N, Shulman G, von Zglinicki T, Tchkonia T, Kirkland J, Khan M, Fisher A, Mahoney R, Vasilakos G, Lei H, Matheny M, Yen F, Morales J, Barton E, Srikantan S, Deng Y, Luo A, Qin Y, Gao Q, Reddick R, Abdul-Ghani M, Dahia P, Seldeen K, Lasky G, Pang M, Leiker M, Troen B, van Skike C, Lin A, Burbank R, Halloran J, Cuvillier J, Hussong S, Jahrling J, Austad S, Fischer K, Galvan V, Clark N, Katolik A, Roberts K, Taylor A, Holloway S, Montemayor E, Stevens S, Fitzpatrick P, Damha M, Hart P, Singh R, Martinez V, Halloran J, Holstein D, Diaz V, Galvan V, Chaudhuri A, Gelfond J, Fernandez E, Lechleiter J, Strong R, Weiss R, Liu Y, Salmon A, Bitto A, Ito T, Le Texier N, Sutlief E, Tung H, Vizzini N, Snyder J, Treuting P, Kaeberlein M, Li G, McHardy S, Nicholson B, Strong R, Hart M, Garbarino V, Edwards M, Lozano R, Smolik C, Zhang W, Daws L, Gould G. Metabolism and Aging: From Molecular Physiology to Systems Biology: 2015 meeting abstracts. Pathobiology Of Aging & Age-related Diseases 2015, 5: 30765. PMID: 26725924, PMCID: PMC4698431, DOI: 10.3402/pba.v5.30765.
Abstract 15983: Increased Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Lead to Deleterious JNK Signaling and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in AMPK-Inactivated Hearts
Zaha V, Qi D, Lee H, Hu X, Wu X, Shulman G, Rabinovitch P, Young L. Abstract 15983: Increased Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Lead to Deleterious JNK Signaling and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in AMPK-Inactivated Hearts. Circulation 2014, 130 DOI: 10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.15983.
Ectopic Fat in Insulin Resistance, Dyslipidemia, and Cardiometabolic Disease
Shulman GI. Ectopic Fat in Insulin Resistance, Dyslipidemia, and Cardiometabolic Disease. New England Journal Of Medicine 2014, 371: 1131-1141. PMID: 25229917, DOI: 10.1056/nejmra1011035.
Leptin reverses diabetes by suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Perry RJ, Zhang XM, Zhang D, Kumashiro N, Camporez JP, Cline GW, Rothman DL, Shulman GI. Leptin reverses diabetes by suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Nature Medicine 2014, 20: 759-763. PMID: 24929951, PMCID: PMC4344321, DOI: 10.1038/nm.3579.
The role of hepatic lipids in hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Perry RJ, Samuel VT, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. The role of hepatic lipids in hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature 2014, 510: 84-91. PMID: 24899308, PMCID: PMC4489847, DOI: 10.1038/nature13478.
Metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase
Madiraju AK, Erion DM, Rahimi Y, Zhang XM, Braddock DT, Albright RA, Prigaro BJ, Wood JL, Bhanot S, MacDonald MJ, Jurczak MJ, Camporez JP, Lee HY, Cline GW, Samuel VT, Kibbey RG, Shulman GI. Metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Nature 2014, 510: 542-546. PMID: 24847880, PMCID: PMC4074244, DOI: 10.1038/nature13270.
In Vivo NMR Studies on the Mechanism of Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Humans
Shulman G. In Vivo NMR Studies on the Mechanism of Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Humans. Biophysical Journal 2014, 106: 12a. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.119.
I'm not Dead Yet: Flies and Mice
Birkenfeld A, Samuel V, Shulman G, De Cabo R, Reenan R, Zhu C, Helfand S. I'm not Dead Yet: Flies and Mice. Biophysical Journal 2014, 106: 12a. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.118.
Direct assessment of hepatic mitochondrial oxidative and anaplerotic fluxes in humans using dynamic 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Befroy DE, Perry RJ, Jain N, Dufour S, Cline GW, Trimmer JK, Brosnan J, Rothman DL, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Direct assessment of hepatic mitochondrial oxidative and anaplerotic fluxes in humans using dynamic 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nature Medicine 2013, 20: 98-102. PMID: 24317120, PMCID: PMC3947269, DOI: 10.1038/nm.3415.
Reversal of Hypertriglyceridemia, Fatty Liver Disease, and Insulin Resistance by a Liver-Targeted Mitochondrial Uncoupler
Perry RJ, Kim T, Zhang XM, Lee HY, Pesta D, Popov VB, Zhang D, Rahimi Y, Jurczak MJ, Cline GW, Spiegel DA, Shulman GI. Reversal of Hypertriglyceridemia, Fatty Liver Disease, and Insulin Resistance by a Liver-Targeted Mitochondrial Uncoupler. Cell Metabolism 2013, 18: 740-748. PMID: 24206666, PMCID: PMC4104686, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.10.004.
Diabetes - clinical
Guebre-Egziabher F, Alves T, Perry R, Rahimi Y, Majumdar S, Ioja S, Kumashiro N, Kahn M, Zhang D, Kibbey R, Shulman G, Chau Y, Lee L, Lee C, Chen J, Lee W, Chiu C, Ishimura E, Mori K, Wanibuchi H, Inaba M, Nakatani S, Bekker P, Charvat T, Miao S, Dairaghi D, Lohr L, Sullivan T, Seitz L, Miao Z, Powers J, Jaen J, Schall T, Idorn T, Knop F, Holst J, Hornum M, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Cucchiari D, Merizzoli E, Podesta M, Calvetta A, Angelini C, Badalamenti S. Diabetes - clinical. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2013, 28: i16-i18. DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft148.
Muskuläre PKCΘ Aktivierung durch Diacylglyzerole führt zur Hemmung des proximalen Insulinsignalweges und reduzierter Glukoseaufnahme im Skelettmuskel von Menschen
Szendrödi J, Yoshimura T, Phielix E, Koliaki C, Marcucci M, Zhang D, Jelenik T, Herder C, Nowotny P, Shulman G, Roden M. Muskuläre PKCΘ Aktivierung durch Diacylglyzerole führt zur Hemmung des proximalen Insulinsignalweges und reduzierter Glukoseaufnahme im Skelettmuskel von Menschen. Diabetologie Und Stoffwechsel 2013, 8 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341861.
Abstract 140: LRP6 Influences Body Fat and Glucose Homeostasis in Mouse by Activating mTOR Pathway and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Energy Expenditure
Liu W, Singh R, Choi C, Young L, Keramati A, Samuel V, Lifton R, Shulman G, Mani A. Abstract 140: LRP6 Influences Body Fat and Glucose Homeostasis in Mouse by Activating mTOR Pathway and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Energy Expenditure. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis And Vascular Biology 2012, 32 DOI: 10.1161/atvb.32.suppl_1.a140.
Deletion of the Mammalian INDY Homolog Mimics Aspects of Dietary Restriction and Protects against Adiposity and Insulin Resistance in Mice
Birkenfeld A, Lee H, Guebre-Egziabher F, Alves T, Jurczak M, Jornayvaz F, Zhang D, Hsiao J, Martin-Montalvo A, Fischer-Rosinsky A, Spranger J, Pfeiffer A, Jordan J, Fromm M, König J, Lieske S, Carmean C, Frederick D, Weismann D, Knauf F, Irusta P, De Cabo R, Helfand S, Samuel V, Shulman G. Deletion of the Mammalian INDY Homolog Mimics Aspects of Dietary Restriction and Protects against Adiposity and Insulin Resistance in Mice. Cell Metabolism 2011, 14: 567. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.09.005.
Reply to Monetti et al.: Hepatic steatosis and diacylglycerol-mediated hepatic insulin resistance in acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) transgenic mice
Jornayvaz F, Jurczak M, Samuel V, Shulman G. Reply to Monetti et al.: Hepatic steatosis and diacylglycerol-mediated hepatic insulin resistance in acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) transgenic mice. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2011, 108: e524-e524. PMCID: PMC3161525, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1109195108.
PPARγ-induced cardiolipotoxicity in mice is ameliorated by PPARα deficiency despite increases in fatty acid oxidation
Son N, Yu S, Tuinei J, Arai K, Hamai H, Homma S, Shulman G, Abel E, Goldberg I. PPARγ-induced cardiolipotoxicity in mice is ameliorated by PPARα deficiency despite increases in fatty acid oxidation. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2010, 120: 4583-4583. PMCID: PMC5477559, DOI: 10.1172/jci40905e1.
Standard operating procedures for describing and performing metabolic tests of glucose homeostasis in mice
Ayala JE, Consortium F, Samuel V, Morton G, Obici S, Croniger C, Shulman G, Wasserman D, McGuinness O. Standard operating procedures for describing and performing metabolic tests of glucose homeostasis in mice. Disease Models & Mechanisms 2010, 3: 525-534. PMID: 20713647, PMCID: PMC2938392, DOI: 10.1242/dmm.006239.
Resistance to High-fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice with Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Zhang D, Christianson J, Liu Z, Tian L, Choi C, Neschen S, Dong J, Wood P, Shulman G. Resistance to High-fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice with Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Cell Metabolism 2010, 12: 103. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.06.004.
Chapter 44 The Metabolic Syndrome
Ruderman N, Shulman G. Chapter 44 The Metabolic Syndrome. 2010, 822-839. DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-5583-9.00044-7.
Insulin Resistance
Samuel V, Petersen K, Shulman G. Insulin Resistance. 2009, 469-483. DOI: 10.1002/9780470747919.ch31.
Erratum: UCP2 mediates ghrelin’s action on NPY/AgRP neurons by lowering free radicals
Andrews Z, Liu Z, Walllingford N, Erion D, Borok E, Friedman J, Tschöp M, Shanabrough M, Cline G, Shulman G, Coppola A, Gao X, Horvath T, Diano S. Erratum: UCP2 mediates ghrelin’s action on NPY/AgRP neurons by lowering free radicals. Nature 2009, 459: 736-736. DOI: 10.1038/nature08132.
CHAPTER 58 METABOLISM
Shulman G, Petersen K. CHAPTER 58 METABOLISM. 2009, 1213-1236. DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-3115-4.50061-5.
Correction: A Prevalent Variant in PPP1R3A Impairs Glycogen Synthesis and Reduces Muscle Glycogen Content in Humans and Mice
Savage D, Zhai L, Ravikumar B, Choi C, Snaar J, McGuire A, Wou S, Medina-Gomez G, Kim S, Bock C, Segvich D, Solanky B, Deelchand D, Vidal-Puig A, Wareham N, Shulman G, Karpe F, Taylor R, Pederson B, Roach P, O'Rahilly S, DePaoli-Roach A. Correction: A Prevalent Variant in PPP1R3A Impairs Glycogen Synthesis and Reduces Muscle Glycogen Content in Humans and Mice. PLOS Medicine 2008, 5: e246. PMCID: PMC2605894, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050246.
N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, a Gut- Derived Circulating Factor Induced by Fat Ingestion, Inhibits Food Intake
Gillum MP, Zhang D, Zhang XM, Erion DM, Jamison RA, Choi C, Dong J, Shanabrough M, Duenas HR, Frederick DW, Hsiao JJ, Horvath TL, Lo CM, Tso P, Cline GW, Shulman GI. N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, a Gut- Derived Circulating Factor Induced by Fat Ingestion, Inhibits Food Intake. Cell 2008, 135: 813-824. PMID: 19041747, PMCID: PMC2643061, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.10.043.
Muscle-specific knockout of PKC-λ impairs glucose transport and induces metabolic and diabetic syndromes
Farese R, Sajan M, Yang H, Li P, Mastorides S, Gower W, Nimal S, Choi C, Kim S, Shulman G, Kahn C, Braun U, Leitges M. Muscle-specific knockout of PKC-λ impairs glucose transport and induces metabolic and diabetic syndromes. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2007, 117: 3141-3141. PMCID: PMC1994612, DOI: 10.1172/jci31408c1.
The role of skeletal muscle insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome
Petersen KF, Dufour S, Savage DB, Bilz S, Solomon G, Yonemitsu S, Cline GW, Befroy D, Zemany L, Kahn BB, Papademetris X, Rothman DL, Shulman GI. The role of skeletal muscle insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2007, 104: 12587-12594. PMID: 17640906, PMCID: PMC1924794, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0705408104.
Introduction
Ritz E, Fujita T, Shulman G. Introduction. The American Journal Of Medicine 2006, 119: s1-s2. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.01.007.
Reduced mitochondrial density and increased IRS-1 serine phosphorylation in muscle of insulin-resistant offspring of type 2 diabetic parents
Morino K, Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, Frattini J, Shatzkes N, Neschen S, White MF, Bilz S, Sono S, Pypaert M, Shulman GI. Reduced mitochondrial density and increased IRS-1 serine phosphorylation in muscle of insulin-resistant offspring of type 2 diabetic parents. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2005, 115: 3587-3593. PMID: 16284649, PMCID: PMC1280967, DOI: 10.1172/jci25151.
MRS Studies of the Role of the Muscle Glycogen Synthesis Pathway in the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes
Shulman G, Rothman D. MRS Studies of the Role of the Muscle Glycogen Synthesis Pathway in the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes. 2004, 45-57. DOI: 10.1002/0470011505.ch4.
Insulin Resistance in NAFLD: Potential Mechanisms and Therapies
Samuel V, Shulman G. Insulin Resistance in NAFLD: Potential Mechanisms and Therapies. 2004, 38-54. DOI: 10.1002/9780470987438.ch4.
40th EASD Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Veitenhansl M, Stegner K, Hierl F, Dieterle C, Feldmeier H, Gutt B, Landgraf R, Garrow AP, Vileikyte L, Findlow A, Waterman C, Boulton AJ, Shankhdhar K, Shankhdhar L, Shankhdhar U, Petrova NL, Foster AV, Edmonds ME, Ferraresi R, Caravaggi C, De Giglio R, Cavaiani P, Pogliaghi I, Sommariva E, Katz IA, Harlan A, Miranda-Palma B, Prieto-Sanchez L, Armstrong DG, Bowker JH, Mizel MS, Cernea S, Wohlgelernter J, Kidron M, Modi P, Raz I, Arbit E, Nosek L, Kapitza C, Beckett P, Gelfand R, Goldberg M, Heise T, Testa MA, Turner RR, Hayes JF, Scranton RE, Simonson DC, Yang Y, Hsu Y, Naujok O, Francini F, Jörns A, Tiedge M, Lenzen S, Abdel-Wahab YH, Marenah L, Orr DF, Shaw C, Flatt PR, Chokkalingam K, Mansell PI, Clausen P, Ekbom P, Damm P, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Nielsen B, Mathiesen ER, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Dewan S, Da Silva N, Ternan PM, Leong KS, Wilding JP, Asatiani N, Kurashvili R, Dundua M, Shelestova E, Pagava K, Ramazashvili M, Hod M, Smirnov S, Petersen JL, Justesen TI, Ringholm Nielsen L, Müller C, Højlund K, Wensaas A, Kase ET, Aas V, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH, Levin K, Beck-Nielsen H, Gaster M, Im S, Kang S, Kim S, Ahn Y, Lihn AS, Schmoll D, Werner T, Kienitz A, Meyer M, Barthel A, Ailett F, Sutherland C, Walther R, Grempler R, Sasson S, Reich R, Tenenbaum T, Alpert E, Anfossi G, Russo I, Traversa M, Massucco P, Mattiello L, Doronzo G, Trovati M, Lally S, Tan CY, Owens D, Tomkin GH, Porchay I, Péan F, Bellili N, Betoulle D, Balkau B, Tichet J, Marre M, Fumeron F, Chatellier G, Alhenc-Gelas F, Nichols G, Brown J, Hayes R, Bowman L, Drexel H, Saely C, Marte T, Benzer W, Langer P, Hoefle G, Moll W, Aczel S, Karagiannis E, Lübben G, Urquhart R, Edwards G, Bruce S, Howlett H, Cugnardey N, Turner K, Park J, Fiedorek F, Avogaro A, Gallo A, Pinton P, Rizzuto R, Murphy E, Ceolotto G, Caterson I, Guy-Grand B, Hill J, Barone M, Aiello A, Allochis G, Borzì V, Cannatà F, Caronna S, D’Avanzo A, Elli R, Formoso G, Paroli A, Scardapane R, Sorichetti P, Tatti P, Viviani G, Santeusanio F, Manzella D, Grella R, Abbatecola A, Paolisso G, Søndergaard L, Monster T, Johnsen S, Olsen M, McLaughlin J, Sørensen H, Lervang H, Rungby J, Lyssenko V, Fredriksson J, Almgren P, Anevski D, Orho-Melander M, Sjögren M, Tuomi T, Groop L, Jaziri R, Aubert R, Tuomilehto J, Hu G, Jousilahti P, Peltonen M, Lindstrom J, Laina A, Alevizaki M, Philippou G, Souvatzoglou A, Anastasiou E, Alba S, Metcalf B, Voss L, Jeffery A, Wilkin T, Glüimer C, Colagiuri S, Vistisen D, Borch-Johnsen K, Haynes A, Bower C, Bulsara M, Jones T, Davis E, Mortensen H, Hougaard P, Holl R, Swift P, Pociot F, Knip M, Hansen L, Szadkowska A, Pietrzak I, Zmysłowska A, Wyka K, Bodalski J, Holl R, Swift R, Hougaard R, Gerstl E, Engelsberger I, Rabl W, Rosenbauer J, Gröbe H, Hofer S, Krause U, Dabelea D, Morgan T, Pettitt D, Dolan L, Mayer-Davis E, Pihoker C, Hillier T, Imperatore G, Ruggiero A, Hamman R, Stylianou A, Tentolouris N, Perrea D, Tselepis A, Lourida E, Kitsou E, Katsilambros N, Vedovato M, Dodesini A, Lepore G, Tiengo A, Trevisan R, Penno G, Miccoli R, Pucci L, Lucchesi D, Bandinelli S, Fotino C, Triscornia S, Baldassari E, Del Prato S, Reboldi P, Santeusanio E, Fuller J, Langham R, Gow R, Zhang Y, Kelly D, Christensen P, Parving H, Gilbert R, Chibalin A, Zhong Z, Kotova O, Davidescu A, Ehrén I, Ekberg K, Wahren J, Wassef L, Buckley A, Rooney K, Briody J, Thompson M, Ozanne S, Thompson C, Chamson-Reig A, Summers K, Arany E, Hill D, Solerte S, Gazzaruso C, Locatelli E, Precerutti S, Schifino N, Ferrari E, Fioravanti M, Phenekos C, Ginis A, Fragaki I, Chalkiadaki M, Tzioras C, Powell L, McGuire G, Jewhurst V, Trimble E, Rasmussen B, Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Berglund L, Pedersen E, Riccardi G, Rivellese A, Tapsell L, Hermansen K, da Silva Xavier G, Rutter J, Rutter G, Briaud I, Lingohr M, Dickson L, McCuaig J, Lawrence J, Rhodes C, Wikstrom J, Katzman S, Shirihai O, Yang J, Deng S, Wang X, Hessner M, Wu J, Wong R, Sukumvanich S, Markman J, Naji A, Wolf B, Gao Z, Rubi B, del Arco A, Satrústegui J, Maechler P, Del Guerra S, Lupi R, Bugliani M, Sbrana S, Torri S, Boggi U, Vistoli F, Mosca F, Marchetti P, Rennings A, Smits P, Stewart M, Tack C, Li L, Nyström T, Gutniak M, Ahrén B, Holst J, Sjöholm Å, Gomes M, Cailleaux S, Tibiriça E, Albertini J, Chen H, Mather R, Valensi P, Chisalita S, Arnqvist H, Kraenkel N, Adams V, Linke A, Gielen S, Schuler G, Humbrecht R, Cipollone F, Iezzi A, Fazia M, Pini B, Cucurullo C, De Cesare D, Schmidt A, Mazurek T, Zang L, Mannion J, Diehl J, Martin J, Martella A, Zalewski A, Shi Y, Otter W, Winter M, Doering W, Standi E, Schnell O, Kragelund C, Køber L, Faber J, Hildebrandt P, Steffensen R, Pankowska E, Szypowska A, Lipka M, Herwig J, Scholl-Schilling G, Böhles H, Robertson K, Schönle E, Gucev Z, Mordhorst L, Tamer S, Gall M, Ludvigsson J, Hoogma R, Hammond P, Gomis R, Kerr D, Bruttomesso D, Bouter P, Wiefels K, de la Calle H, Schweitzer D, Pfohl M, Torlone E, Krinelke L, Conget I, Storms F, Rodriguez J, Leperlier C, Davies M, Peter R, Luzio S, Dunseath G, Miles A, Hare B, Backx K, Pauvaday V, Owens D, Caselli A, Marfia G, Battista C, Veves A, Spallone V, Uccioli L, Gonzalez J, Peyrot M, Rubin R, Leventhal H, Scheffler N, Ulbrecht J, Cavanagh P, Boulton A, Perrin N, Oglesby A, Bastyr E, Ziegler D, Siekierka-Kleiser E, Meyer B, Schweers M, Selvarajah D, Wilkinson I, Emery C, Shaw P, Griffiths P, Tesfaye S, Obrosova I, Arezzo J, Phillips K, Gribble F, Williams L, Reimann F, Iakoubov R, Whiteside C, Brubaker P, Acitores A, González N, Sancho V, Valverde I, Villanueva-Peñacarrillo M, Martín-Duce A, Trigo M, Arnés L, Burkart V, Ichino N, Ohashi A, Klein B, Paxian S, Schmid R, Karlsen A, Heding P, Frobøse H, Rønn S, Kruhøffer M, Ørntoft T, Nerup J, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Billestrup N, Cardozo A, Ortis F, Feng Y, Rasschaert J, Van Eylen F, Storling J, Herchuelz A, Eizirik D, Wang H, Kouri G, Wollheim C, Ribaux P, Hammar E, Parnaud G, Rouiller D, Bosco D, Halban P, Midthjell K, Carlsson S, Grill V, Lau C, Færch K, Glümer C, Tetens I, 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Magyar J, Bíró T, Jost N, Skoumal R, Nánási P, Tóth M, Horkay F, Papp J, Zacharopoulou O, Athanaselis S, Tsokos N, Doupis J, Psallas M, Cokkinos D, Pavlatos S, Liatis S, Akhobadze T, Dzneladze L, Samarguliani I, Taskiran M, Rasmussen V, Rasmussen B, Jensen G, Fisher A, Petrovsky N, Davis M, Srikusalanukul W, Budge M, Trifunovic-Zamaklar D, Zivkovic M, Jelic V, Vukomanovic G, Ristic A, Seferovic P, Costa J, Duarte S, Manley S, Sailesh S, Venkataraman A, Haider Y, Groza I, Oprean M, Ardelean A, Morosanu A, Darkow T, Vanderplas A, Mamas M, McElduff P, Burns J, Edwards R, Fitchet A, Young R, Gibson J, New J, Lichiardopol R, Niculescu N, Totora A, Pencea C, Tomescu I, Cinteza M, Manicardi V, Coscelli C, Navazio A, Catellani E, Michelini M, Dall’Asta D, Guberti A, Piazza A, Gasparini E, Pantaleoni M, Guiducci U, Manari A, Sejil S, Janand-Delenne B, Avierinos J, Habib G, Labastie N, Vague P, Lassmann-Vague V, Luźniak P, Tatoń J, Wojciechowska Luźniak A, Zairis M, Lyras A, Patsourakos N, Tsirimbis V, Foussas S, Lupón J, Urrutia A, Herreros J, González B, Coll R, Altimir S, Prats M, Valle V, Abreu-Padí C, Rábago G, Ivanova L, Brasacchio D, Calkin A, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Harno E, Keenan A, Li H, Yu Y, Lu Z, Zhang X, Ke L, Liu H, Zhang X, Jeong I, Chae M, Choi M, Yoo H, Kim C, Yun M, Na M, Kang Y, Kong O, Son S, Kim I, Kim Y, Tanaka N, Hosoi M, Matsuyama Y, Fukumoto M, Yamakita T, Yoshioka K, Ishii T, Sato T, Fujii S, Aoki T, Shibata T, Mizutani N, Suzuki J, Fowelin J, Samuelsson P, Brandrup-Wogsen G, Okumura K, Tokmakova A, Staroverova D, Antcieferov M, Shutichina I, Kuntchevich G, Vriesendorp T, Morélis Q, Legemate D, Schaper F, Mainas E, Gkioulmpasanis I, Panagiotou I, Vassilikos G, Skorda L, Sidira M, Christoforidou M, Alaveras A, Artikis V, Evdemon E, Lechleitner M, Koch T, Ebenbichler C, Sturm W, Moretti L, Moruzzo D, Boldrini E, Pandolfo C, Kameyama M, Iwasa R, Cho M, Nam J, Kim C, Kim D, Ahn C, Cha B, Lim S, Kim K, Lee H, Huh K, Kaplar M, Paragh G, Erdei A, Csongradi E, Garai I, Varga J, Galuska L, Udvardy M, Higa M, Kaneko Y, Hiroi N, Koziarska D, Nowacki P, Majkowska L, Luzniak P, Wojciechowska-Luźniak A, Tushuizen M, Nieuwland R, Snoeck D, Sturk A, Diamant M, Aguiar L, Bahia L, Villela N, Laflor C, Conde C, Bottino D, Dorigo D, Bouskela E, Pu S, Yu H, Luo Z, Lam K, Dan Q, Xu A, Shen J, Cheng K, Xu J, Thamer C, Stefan N, Haap M, Heller E, Tschritter O, de Prado A, Ortiz A, Ybarra J, Gich I, Pou J, Ehren M, Meyer M, Roggenland D, Reinsen B, Klein H, Rittig K, Stock J, Kocher B, Balletshofer B, Lee J, Shon H, Chung D, Nakatani Y, Matsuhisa M, Kaneto H, Hatazaki M, Yoshiuchi K, Katakami N, Kawamori D, Ohtoshi K, Sakamoto K, Matsuoka T, Ozawa K, Ogawa S, Hori M, Yamasaki Y, Zitouni K, Harry D, Nourooz-Zadeh J, Betteridge J, Earle K, Rasmussen L, Olesen P, Franco L, Corvaja C, Semplicini A, Ceylan-Işık A, Arı N, Rösen P, Lee I, Kim M, Park K, Jung E, Shin D, Jo S, Obuobie K, Prakash P, Hanna F, Evans M, Lazarus J, Varadhan L, Gurushankar J, James D, Sheikh S, Gaede P, Li H, Zou D, Lee S, Choi M, Kim D, Kim T, Vilarrasa N, Perez-Maraver M, Mena E, Perez D, Setti G, Buckingham R, Urbančič V, Stefanovska A, Bernjak A, Ažman-Juvan K, Kocijančič A, Glowania A, Filters T, Fosmark D, Torjesen P, Kilhovd B, Berg T, Sandvik L, Hanssen K, Mentink C, Kilhovd B, Kuchmerovska T, Shymanskyy I, Donchenko G, Stepanenko S, Klimenko A, Park J, Maingrette F, Deng H, Lindenmair A, Waldhäusl W, Freudenthaler A, Baumgartner-Parzer S, Nizheradze K, Khoruzhenko A, Tronko N, Sheu W, Ou H, Shen H, Lin T, Wu H, Yang C, Mogylnytska L, Mankovsky B, Schmoelzer I, Davies J, Band M, Morris A, Struthers A, Prázný M, Škrha J, Kasalová Z, Neelotpol S, Jahan P, Kauschke S, Harrop C, Schäfer A, Widder J, Eigenthaler M, Walter U, Uchimura I, Ikebukuro M, Kaibara M, Hirata M, Helal R, Pervin F, Khan A, Yang X, Jansson P, Nagaev I, Jack M, Carvalho E, Sunnerhagen K, Cam M, Cushman S, Smith U, Creely S, Farmer J, Creely S, Gustafson B, Kusminski C, Krusinova E, Wohl P, Klementova M, Lanska V, McDougall C, Thomas S, Kelly I, Abbas Z, Lutale J, Archibald L, Karunajeewa H, Stingemore N, Stuccio G, McGechie D, Muller L, Hak E, Goudzwaard W, Montorsi F, Homering M, Sprenger K, Goldstein I, Asnaghi V, Ferrari G, Rastaldi M, Gabellini D, Dell’Antonio G, Maestroni A, Ruggieri D, Luzi L, Piemonti L, Zerbini G, Anafaroglu I, Tutuncu N, Sultana M, Siddiqua N, Iwasaki T, Nakajima A, Yoneda M, Mukasa K, Tanaka S, Sekihara H. 40th EASD Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2004, 47: a1-a464. PMID: 27770180, PMCID: PMC7096100, DOI: 10.1007/bf03375463.
Impaired Mitochondrial Activity in Insulin resistant offspring of Type 2 Diabetics
Petersen K, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman G. Impaired Mitochondrial Activity in Insulin resistant offspring of Type 2 Diabetics. Journal Of Investigative Medicine 2004, 52: 381-381. DOI: 10.1177/108155890405202s100.
IMPAIRED MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVITY IN INSULIN RESISTANT OFFSPRING OF TYPE 2 DIABETICS.: 26
Petersen K, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman G. IMPAIRED MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVITY IN INSULIN RESISTANT OFFSPRING OF TYPE 2 DIABETICS.: 26. Journal Of Investigative Medicine 2004, 52: s381. DOI: 10.1097/00042871-200403002-00100.
26 IMPAIRED MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVITY IN INSULIN RESISTANT OFFSPRING OF TYPE 2 DIABETICS.
Petersen K, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman G. 26 IMPAIRED MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVITY IN INSULIN RESISTANT OFFSPRING OF TYPE 2 DIABETICS. Journal Of Investigative Medicine 2004, 52: s381. DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl2-100.
Impaired Mitochondrial Activity in the Insulin-Resistant Offspring of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman GI. Impaired Mitochondrial Activity in the Insulin-Resistant Offspring of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal Of Medicine 2004, 350: 664-671. PMID: 14960743, PMCID: PMC2995502, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa031314.
Alterata attività mitocondriale nella prole insulino-resistente di pazienti con diabete di tipo 2
Petersen K, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman G, Pezzino V. Alterata attività mitocondriale nella prole insulino-resistente di pazienti con diabete di tipo 2. L'Endocrinologo 2003, 4: 224-225. DOI: 10.1007/bf03344480.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Elderly: Possible Role in Insulin Resistance
Petersen KF, Befroy D, Dufour S, Dziura J, Ariyan C, Rothman DL, DiPietro L, Cline GW, Shulman GI. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Elderly: Possible Role in Insulin Resistance. Science 2003, 300: 1140-1142. PMID: 12750520, PMCID: PMC3004429, DOI: 10.1126/science.1082889.
Chronic activation of AMP kinase results in NRF-1 activation and mitochondrial biogenesis
Bergeron R, Ren J, Cadman K, Moore I, Perret P, Pypaert M, Young L, Semenkovich C, Shulman G. Chronic activation of AMP kinase results in NRF-1 activation and mitochondrial biogenesis. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2001, 281: e1340-e1346. PMID: 11701451, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.6.e1340.
Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Uptake
Taylor R, Shulman G. Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Uptake. 2001, 787-802. DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp070226.
NMR Spectroscopy in β Cell Engineering and Islet Transplantation
PAPAS K, COLTON C, GOUNARIDES J, ROOS E, JAREMA M, SHAPIRO M, CHENG L, CLINE G, SHULMAN G, WU H, BONNER‐WEIR S, WEIR G. NMR Spectroscopy in β Cell Engineering and Islet Transplantation. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 2001, 944: 96-119. PMID: 11797699, DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03826.x.
Effect of triiodothyronine on mitochondrial energy coupling in human skeletal muscle
Lebon V, Dufour S, Petersen K, Ren J, Jucker B, Slezak L, Cline G, Rothman D, Shulman G. Effect of triiodothyronine on mitochondrial energy coupling in human skeletal muscle. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2001, 108: 733-737. PMID: 11544279, PMCID: PMC209375, DOI: 10.1172/jci11775.
Prevention of fat-induced insulin resistance by salicylate
Kim J, Kim Y, Fillmore J, Chen Y, Moore I, Lee J, Yuan M, Li Z, Karin M, Perret P, Shoelson S, Shulman G. Prevention of fat-induced insulin resistance by salicylate. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2001, 108: 437-446. PMID: 11489937, PMCID: PMC209353, DOI: 10.1172/jci11559.
Glucose toxicity and the development of diabetes in mice with muscle-specific inactivation of GLUT4
Kim J, Zisman A, Fillmore J, Peroni O, Kotani K, Perret P, Zong H, Dong J, Kahn C, Kahn B, Shulman G. Glucose toxicity and the development of diabetes in mice with muscle-specific inactivation of GLUT4. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2001, 108: 153-160. PMID: 11435467, PMCID: PMC353719, DOI: 10.1172/jci10294.
Tissue-specific overexpression of lipoprotein lipase causes tissue-specific insulin resistance
Kim J, Fillmore J, Chen Y, Yu C, Moore I, Pypaert M, Lutz E, Kako Y, Velez-Carrasco W, Goldberg I, Breslow J, Shulman G. Tissue-specific overexpression of lipoprotein lipase causes tissue-specific insulin resistance. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2001, 98: 7522-7527. PMID: 11390966, PMCID: PMC34701, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.121164498.
Stimulating Effects of Low-Dose Fructose on Insulin-Stimulated Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in Humans
Petersen K, Laurent D, Yu C, Cline G, Shulman G. Stimulating Effects of Low-Dose Fructose on Insulin-Stimulated Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in Humans. Diabetes 2001, 50: 1263-1268. PMID: 11375325, DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.6.1263.
Uncoupling Protein-2 Negatively Regulates Insulin Secretion and Is a Major Link between Obesity, β Cell Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes
Zhang C, Baffy G, Perret P, Krauss S, Peroni O, Grujic D, Hagen T, Vidal-Puig A, Boss O, Kim Y, Zheng X, Wheeler M, Shulman G, Chan C, Lowell B. Uncoupling Protein-2 Negatively Regulates Insulin Secretion and Is a Major Link between Obesity, β Cell Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes. Cell 2001, 105: 745-755. PMID: 11440717, DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00378-6.
Insulin Resistance and a Diabetes Mellitus-Like Syndrome in Mice Lacking the Protein Kinase Akt2 (PKBβ)
Cho H, Mu J, Kim J, Thorvaldsen J, Chu Q, Crenshaw E, Kaestner K, Bartolomei M, Shulman G, Birnbaum M. Insulin Resistance and a Diabetes Mellitus-Like Syndrome in Mice Lacking the Protein Kinase Akt2 (PKBβ). Science 2001, 292: 1728-1731. PMID: 11387480, DOI: 10.1126/science.292.5522.1728.
Activation of glucose transport in the ischemic heart: Translocation of GLUT4 and GLUT1 by 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase
Young L, Russell R, Coven D, Shulman G, Sinusas A. Activation of glucose transport in the ischemic heart: Translocation of GLUT4 and GLUT1 by 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase. Journal Of Molecular And Cellular Cardiology 2001, 33: a145. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2828(01)90556-5.
Syntaxin 4 heterozygous knockout mice develop muscle insulin resistance
Yang C, Coker K, Kim J, Mora S, Thurmond D, Davis A, Yang B, Williamson R, Shulman G, Pessin J. Syntaxin 4 heterozygous knockout mice develop muscle insulin resistance. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2001, 107: 1311-1318. PMID: 11375421, PMCID: PMC209300, DOI: 10.1172/jci12274.
Effect of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide-1-β-d-Ribofuranoside Infusion on In Vivo Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats
Bergeron R, Previs S, Cline G, Perret P, Russell III R, Young L, Shulman G. Effect of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide-1-β-d-Ribofuranoside Infusion on In Vivo Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats. Diabetes 2001, 50: 1076-1082. PMID: 11334411, DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.5.1076.
Contribution of net hepatic glycogen synthesis to disposal of an oral glucose load in humans
Petersen K, Cline G, Gerard D, Magnusson I, Rothman D, Shulman G. Contribution of net hepatic glycogen synthesis to disposal of an oral glucose load in humans. Metabolism 2001, 50: 598-601. PMID: 11319724, DOI: 10.1053/meta.2001.22561.
Overexpression of the LAR (leukocyte antigen-related) protein-tyrosine phosphatase in muscle causes insulin resistance
Zabolotny J, Kim Y, Peroni O, Kim J, Pani M, Boss O, Klaman L, Kamatkar S, Shulman G, Kahn B, Neel B. Overexpression of the LAR (leukocyte antigen-related) protein-tyrosine phosphatase in muscle causes insulin resistance. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2001, 98: 5187-5192. PMID: 11309481, PMCID: PMC33185, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.071050398.
Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver
Abel E, Peroni O, Kim J, Kim Y, Boss O, Hadro E, Minnemann T, Shulman G, Kahn B. Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver. Nature 2001, 409: 729-733. PMID: 11217863, DOI: 10.1038/35055575.
Insulin/IGF-1 and TNF-α stimulate phosphorylation of IRS-1 at inhibitory Ser307 via distinct pathways
Rui L, Aguirre V, Kim J, Shulman G, Lee A, Corbould A, Dunaif A, White M. Insulin/IGF-1 and TNF-α stimulate phosphorylation of IRS-1 at inhibitory Ser307 via distinct pathways. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2001, 107: 181-189. PMID: 11160134, PMCID: PMC199174, DOI: 10.1172/jci10934.
In Vivo Effects of Uncoupling Protein-3 Gene Disruption on Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism*
Cline G, Vidal-Puig A, Dufour S, Cadman K, Lowell B, Shulman G. In Vivo Effects of Uncoupling Protein-3 Gene Disruption on Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2001, 276: 20240-20244. PMID: 11274222, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m102540200.
Contrasting Effects of IRS-1 Versus IRS-2 Gene Disruption on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Vivo *
Previs S, Withers D, Ren J, White M, Shulman G. Contrasting Effects of IRS-1 Versus IRS-2 Gene Disruption on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Vivo *. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2000, 275: 38990-38994. PMID: 10995761, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006490200.
13C/31P NMR Assessment of Mitochondrial Energy Coupling in Skeletal Muscle of Awake Fed and Fasted Rats RELATIONSHIP WITH UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 3 EXPRESSION*
Jucker B, Ren J, Dufour S, Cao X, Previs S, Cadman K, Shulman G. 13C/31P NMR Assessment of Mitochondrial Energy Coupling in Skeletal Muscle of Awake Fed and Fasted Rats RELATIONSHIP WITH UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 3 EXPRESSION*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2000, 275: 39279-39286. PMID: 10995775, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m007760200.
Increased Energy Expenditure, Decreased Adiposity, and Tissue-Specific Insulin Sensitivity in Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B-Deficient Mice
Klaman L, Boss O, Peroni O, Kim J, Martino J, Zabolotny J, Moghal N, Lubkin M, Kim Y, Sharpe A, Stricker-Krongrad A, Shulman G, Neel B, Kahn B. Increased Energy Expenditure, Decreased Adiposity, and Tissue-Specific Insulin Sensitivity in Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B-Deficient Mice. Molecular And Cellular Biology 2000, 20: 5479-5489. PMID: 10891488, PMCID: PMC85999, DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.15.5479-5489.2000.
Loss of Insulin Signaling in Hepatocytes Leads to Severe Insulin Resistance and Progressive Hepatic Dysfunction
Michael M, Kulkarni R, Postic C, Previs S, Shulman G, Magnuson M, Kahn C. Loss of Insulin Signaling in Hepatocytes Leads to Severe Insulin Resistance and Progressive Hepatic Dysfunction. Molecular Cell 2000, 6: 87-97. PMID: 10949030, DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(05)00015-8.
Regulation of myocardial [13C]glucose metabolism in conscious rats
McNulty P, Cline G, Whiting J, Shulman G. Regulation of myocardial [13C]glucose metabolism in conscious rats. AJP Heart And Circulatory Physiology 2000, 279: h375-h381. PMID: 10899078, DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.1.h375.
Redistribution of substrates to adipose tissue promotes obesity in mice with selective insulin resistance in muscle
Kim J, Michael M, Previs S, Peroni O, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Neschen S, Kahn B, Kahn C, Shulman G. Redistribution of substrates to adipose tissue promotes obesity in mice with selective insulin resistance in muscle. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2000, 105: 1791-1797. PMID: 10862794, PMCID: PMC378504, DOI: 10.1172/jci8305.
Effects of Caffeine on Muscle Glycogen Utilization and the Neuroendocrine Axis during Exercise
Laurent D, Schneider K, Prusaczyk W, Franklin C, Vogel S, Krssak M, Petersen K, Goforth H, Shulman G. Effects of Caffeine on Muscle Glycogen Utilization and the Neuroendocrine Axis during Exercise. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2000, 85: 2170-2175. PMID: 10852448, DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.6.6655.
Assessment of mitochondrial energy coupling in vivo by 13C/31P NMR
Jucker B, Dufour S, Ren J, Cao X, Previs S, Underhill B, Cadman K, Shulman G. Assessment of mitochondrial energy coupling in vivo by 13C/31P NMR. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2000, 97: 6880-6884. PMID: 10823916, PMCID: PMC18769, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.120131997.
Mechanism of muscle glycogen autoregulation in humans
Laurent D, Hundal R, Dresner A, Price T, Vogel S, Petersen K, Shulman G. Mechanism of muscle glycogen autoregulation in humans. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2000, 278: e663-e668. PMID: 10751200, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.4.e663.
Transgenic mice overexpressing GLUT-1 protein in muscle exhibit increased muscle glycogenesis after exercise
Ren J, Barucci N, Marshall B, Hansen P, Mueckler M, Shulman G. Transgenic mice overexpressing GLUT-1 protein in muscle exhibit increased muscle glycogenesis after exercise. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2000, 278: e588-e592. PMID: 10751190, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.4.e588.
303. Measurement of human cortical GABA synthesis in vivo
Mason G, Petersen K, Shen J, Behar K, Petroff O, Shulman G, Rothman D. 303. Measurement of human cortical GABA synthesis in vivo. Biological Psychiatry 2000, 47: s92. DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00567-9.
411. Measurement of the rate of pyruvate carboxylase in human brain by 13C MRS
Mason G, Petersen K, Shen J, Behar K, Petroff O, Shulman G, Rothman D. 411. Measurement of the rate of pyruvate carboxylase in human brain by 13C MRS. Biological Psychiatry 2000, 47: s126. DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00681-8.
Mechanism of Insulin Resistance in A-ZIP/F-1 Fatless Mice*
Kim J, Gavrilova O, Chen Y, Reitman M, Shulman G. Mechanism of Insulin Resistance in A-ZIP/F-1 Fatless Mice*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2000, 275: 8456-8460. PMID: 10722680, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.12.8456.
Hepatic Glycogen Metabolism in Type 1 Diabetic and Glucokinase-Deficient Subjects
Petersen K, Shulman G. Hepatic Glycogen Metabolism in Type 1 Diabetic and Glucokinase-Deficient Subjects. 2000, 15: 153-165. DOI: 10.1159/000060921.
Persistent Changes in Myocardial Glucose Metabolism In Vivo During Reperfusion of a Limited-Duration Coronary Occlusion
McNulty P, Jagasia D, Cline G, Ng C, Whiting J, Garg P, Shulman G, Soufer R. Persistent Changes in Myocardial Glucose Metabolism In Vivo During Reperfusion of a Limited-Duration Coronary Occlusion. Circulation 2000, 101: 917-922. PMID: 10694532, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.8.917.
Surgical implantation of adipose tissue reverses diabetes in lipoatrophic mice
Gavrilova O, Marcus-Samuels B, Graham D, Kim J, Shulman G, Castle A, Vinson C, Eckhaus M, Reitman M. Surgical implantation of adipose tissue reverses diabetes in lipoatrophic mice. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2000, 105: 271-278. PMID: 10675352, PMCID: PMC377444, DOI: 10.1172/jci7901.
Glycogen loading alters muscle glycogen resynthesis after exercise
Price T, Laurent D, Petersen K, Rothman D, Shulman G. Glycogen loading alters muscle glycogen resynthesis after exercise. Journal Of Applied Physiology 2000, 88: 698-704. PMID: 10658040, DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2000.88.2.698.
Intramuscular glycogen and intramyocellular lipid utilization during prolonged exercise and recovery in man: a 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.
Krssak M, Petersen K, Bergeron R, Price T, Laurent D, Rothman D, Roden M, Shulman G. Intramuscular glycogen and intramyocellular lipid utilization during prolonged exercise and recovery in man: a 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2000, 85: 748-54. PMID: 10690886, DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.2.6354.
Intense exercise stimulates albumin synthesis in the upright posture
Nagashima K, Cline G, Mack G, Shulman G, Nadel E. Intense exercise stimulates albumin synthesis in the upright posture. Journal Of Applied Physiology 2000, 88: 41-46. PMID: 10642360, DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2000.88.1.41.
Metabolic control analysis of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in rat skeletal muscle
Jucker B, Barucci N, Shulman G. Metabolic control analysis of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in rat skeletal muscle. American Journal Of Physiology 1999, 277: e505-e512. PMID: 10484363, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.3.e505.
Translocation of myocardial GLUT-4 and increased glucose uptake through activation of AMPK by AICAR
Russell R, Bergeron R, Shulman G, Young L. Translocation of myocardial GLUT-4 and increased glucose uptake through activation of AMPK by AICAR. American Journal Of Physiology 1999, 277: h643-h649. PMID: 10444490, DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.2.h643.
35th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Melander A, Olsson J, Lindberg G, Salzman A, Howard T, Stang P, Lydick E, Emslie-Smith A, Boyle DI, Evans JM, Macdonald TM, Bain J, Sullivan F, Juhl C, Pørksen N, Sturis J, Hollingdal M, Pincus S, Veldhuis J, Dejgaard A, Schmitz O, Kristensen J, Frandsen K, Bayer T, Müller P, Dunning B, Paladini S, Gutierrez C, Deacon R, Valentin M, Grunberger G, Weston W, Patwardhan R, Rappaport E, Sargeant L, Wareham N, Khaw K, Zethelius B, Lithell H, Hales C, Berne C, Lakka H, Oksanen L, Tuomainen T, Kontula K, Salonen J, Dekker J, de Boks P, de Vegt F, Stehouwer C, Nijpels G, Bouter L, Heine R, Bruno G, Cavallo-Perin P, Bargero G, D’Errico N, Borra M, Macchia G, Pagano G, Newton R, Ruta D, New J, Wallace C, Roxburgh M, Young R, Vaughan N, Elliott P, Brennan G, Devers M, MacAlpine R, Steinke D, Lawson D, Decallonne B, Casteels K, Gysemans C, Bouillon R, Mathieu C, Linn T, Strate C, Schneider K, Funda D, Jirsa M, Kozáková H, Kaas A, Kofronová O, Tlaskalová-Hogenová H, Buschard K, Wanka H, Hartmann A, Kuttler B, Rasmussen S, Sørensen T, Markholst H, Petersen J, Karounos D, Dyrberg T, Mabley J, Haskó G, Szabó C, Seissler J, Nguyen T, Steinbrenner H, Scherbaum W, Cipriani R, Gabriele A, Sensi M, Guidobaldi L, Pantellini F, Cerrito M, Scarpa S, Di Mario U, Morano S, Ceolotto G, Iori E, Baritono E, Del Prato S, Semplicini A, Trevisan R, Zerbini G, Meregalli G, Asnaghi V, Tentori F, Maestroni A, Mangili R, Marescotti C, Vedovato M, Tiengo A, Tadjieva J, Mankovsky B, Van Aken S, Raes A, Vande Walle J, Matthys D, Craen M, Hansen H, Lund S, Rossing P, Jensen T, Parving H, Andersen S, Tarnow L, Hansen B, Trautner C, Haastert B, Ennenbach N, Willich S, Tabák Á, Orchard T, Spranger J, Preissner K, Schatz H, Pfeiffer A, Cantón A, Burgos R, Hernández C, Lecube A, Mesa J, Segura R, Mateo C, Simó R, Fathallah L, Greene D, Obrosova I, Gilbert R, Kelly D, Cox A, Berka-Wilkinson J, Taylor H, Panagiotopoulos S, Lee V, Jerums G, Cooper M, Hitman G, Aganna E, Ogunkolade W, Rema M, Deepa R, Shanthi-Rani C, Barakat K, Kumarajeewa T, Cassell P, McDermott M, Mohan V, Ways K, Bursell S, Devries T, Woodworth J, Alatorre C, King G, Aiello L, Karisen A, Pavlovic D, Nielsen K, Jensen J, Andersen H, Pociot F, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Eizirik D, Nerup J, Lortz S, Tiedge M, Lenzen S, Lally F, Bone A, Darville M, Ho Y, Sternesjö J, Sandler S, Chen M, Schuit F, Pipeleers D, Merezak S, Hardikar A, Hoet J, Remacle C, Reusens B, Bréant B, Garofano A, Czernichow P, Kubota N, Terauchi Y, Miki H, Tamemoto H, Yamauchi T, Nakano R, Komeda K, Eto K, Tobe K, Kimura S, Kadowaki T, Ide T, Murakami K, Tsunoda M, Mochizuki T, Ozanne S, Nave B, Wang C, Dorling M, Petry C, Koopmans S, van der Bent C, Que I, Radder J, Sebokova E, Sana A, Klimes I, Ruderman N, Morviducci L, Pastore L, Morelli S, Sagratella E, Zorretta D, Buongiomo A, Tamburrano G, Giaccari A, Martinenghi S, De Angelis G, Ravasi F, Bifari F, Bordignon C, Falqui L, Kessler A, Dransfeld O, Sasson S, Tomas E, Zorzano A, Eckel J, Thorsby P, Rosenfalck A, Kjems L, Hanssen K, Madsbad S, Birkeland K, Hamilton-Wessler M, Markussen J, Bergman R, Melki V, Hanaire-Broutin H, Bessières-Lacombe S, Tauber J, Home P, Lindholm A, Riis A, Rosenstock J, Schwartz S, Clark C, Edwards M, Donley D, Swift P, Mortensen H, Lynggaard H, Hougaard P, Cull C, Neil H, Frighi V, Manley S, Holman R, Turner R, Steiner G, Davis W, Weeraratna T, Bruce D, Davis T, Vergès B, Duvillard L, Pont F, Florentin E, Gambert P, Benko B, Ljubić S, Turk Z, Granić M, März W, Wollschläger H, Klein G, Neiss A, Wehling M, Huxtable S, Saker P, Walker M, Frayling T, Levy J, O’Rahilly S, Hattersley A, McCarthy M, Orecchio A, Giacchini A, Dominici R, Canettieri G, Trinti B, Zani M, Andreoli M, Sciacchitano S, de Silva A, Whitecross K, Pasco J, Kotowicz M, Nicholson G, Zimmet P, Boyko E, Collier G, Frittitta L, Pizzuti A, Argiolas A, Graci S, Goldfine I, Bozzali M, Ercolino T, Costanzo B, Iacoviello L, Tassi V, Trischitta V, Wauters M, Rankinen T, Mertens I, Chagnon M, Bouchard C, Van Gaal L, Sivenius K, Valve R, Hakkarainen V, Niskanen L, Laakso M, Uusitupa M, Beridze N, Japaridze M, Kurashvili R, Dundua M, Kebuladze G, Kazakhashvili N, Offley-Shore B, Thomas B, Ghebremeskel K, Crawford M, Lowy C, Eriksson U, Martin Simán C, Wisse B, Gittenberger-de Groot A, Wentzel P, Eriksson U, Wender-Ożegowska E, Drews K, Biczysko R, Bronisz A, Rość D, Graczykowska-Koczorowska A, Kotschy M, Sokup A, Kohnert K, Besch W, Strese J, Frick U, Zander E, Kemer W, Škrha J, Kvasnička J, Kalvodová B, Hilgertová J, Schatteman K, Goossens F, Scharpé S, De Leeuw I, Hendriks D, Legakis I, Panayiotou D, Mountokalakis T, Enderle M, Beckmann P, Balletshofer B, Rittig K, Maerker E, Volk A, Meisner C, Jacob S, Matthaei S, Häring H, Rett K, Ueda K, Nakagawa T, Shimajiri Y, Kokawa M, Matsumoto E, Sasaki H, Sanke T, Nanjo K, McKinnon C, Macfarlane W, Docherty K, Furukawa N, Shirotani T, Kishikawa H, Kaneko K, Araki E, Shichiri M, Prentki M, Roduit R, Susini S, Buteau J, Ejrnæs A, Andersen N, Osterhoff M, Möhlig M, Ortmann J, Bikashaghi F, Mayer C, Bikashagi F, Ackermans M, Pereira Arias A, Bisschop P, Endert E, Sauerwein H, Romijn J, Gastaldelli A, Baldi S, Pettiti M, Natali A, Frascerra S, Camastra S, Toschi E, Ferrannini E, Stingl H, Krssak M, Bischof M, Krebs M, Fürnsinn C, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W, Roden M, Neeft M, Meijer A, Båvenholm P, Pigon J, Efendic S, Kästenbauer T, Sauseng S, Sokol G, Auinger M, Irsigler K, Abbott C, Carrington A, Faragher B, Kulkarni J, Van Ross E, Boulton A, Armstrong D, Hadi S, Nguyen H, Harkless L, Jirkovská A, Kasalicky P, Hosová J, Skibova J, Uccioli L, Caselli A, Giacomozzi C, Macellari V, Giurato L, Lardieri L, Menzinger G, Pham H, Rosenblum B, Lyons T, Giurini J, Smakowski P, Chrzan J, Habershaw G, Veves A, Foster A, Bates M, Doxford M, Edmonds M, Kecha O, Winkler R, Martens H, Collette J, Lefèbvre P, Greiner D, Geenen V, Atlan-Gepner C, Naspetti M, Valéro R, Barad M, Lepault F, Vialettes B, Naquet P, de Galan B, Netea M, Hancu N, Smits P, Van der Meer J, Osterbye T, Jørgensen K, Tranum-Jensen J, Fredman P, Høy M, Bokvist K, Olsen H, Horn T, Gromada J, Laub R, Lohmann T, Hahn H, Adler T, Emmrich F, Rabuazzo A, Lupi R, Dotta F, Patanè G, Marselli L, Realacci M, Piro S, Del Guerra S, Santangelo C, Navalesi R, Purrello F, Marchetti P, de Vos P, Visser L, de Haan B, Klok P, van Schilfgaarde R, Poppema S, Juang J, Kuo C, Hsu B, Nacher V, Pérez M, Biarnés M, Raurell M, Soler J, Montanya E, Ritzel R, Maubach J, Büsing M, Becker T, Klempnauer J, Hücking K, Schmiegel W, Nauck M, Bouček P, Saudek F, Adamec M, Kožitarová R, Jedináková T, Vlasáková Z, Skibová J, Bartoš V, Maffi P, Bertuzzi F, Aldrighetti L, Taglietti M, Castelnuovo A, Pozza G, Di Carlo V, Secchi A, Renier G, Mamputu J, Gillespie J, McMaster D, Mercer C, Trimble E, Lecomte M, Véricel E, Paget C, Ruggiero D, Lagarde M, Wiernsperger N, Pricci F, Leto G, Amadio L, Cordone S, Iacobini C, Catalano S, Violi F, Rotella C, Pugliese G, Zicari A, Gradini R, Sale P, Pala L, Cresci B, Giannini S, Manuelli C, Dahlfors G, Arnqvist H, Gonelle-Gispert C, Halnan P, Sadoul K, Wolter S, Lang J, Niwa T, Yu W, Hidaka H, Senda T, Niki I, Fukasawa T, Renstrom E, Barg S, Seward E, Rorsman P, Rutter G, Molinete M, Lilla V, Ravazzola M, Halban P, Efanov A, Bertorello A, Zaitsev S, Zwiller J, Berggren P, MŞengül A, Salman F, Sargrn M, Özer E, Karşidaǧ K, Salman S, Gedik S, Satman İ, Dinççaǧ N, Yılmaz M, Lloyd A, Hopkinson P, Testa M, Blonde L, Turner R, Hayes J, Simonson D, van der Ven N, Lubach C, Snoek F, Mollema E, van der Ploeg H, Danne T, Hoey H, McGee H, Fitzgerald H, Lernmark B, Thernlund G, Fredin K, Hägglöf B, Lugari R, Dell’Anna C, Ugolotti D, Dei Cas A, Barilli A, Sard L, Marani B, Iotti M, Zandomeneghi R, Gnudi A, Kjems L, Volund A, Toft-Nielsen M, Damholt M, Hilsted L, Hughes T, Krarup T, Holst J, Young A, Gottlieb A, Fineman M, Kolterman O, Cancelas J, García-Martínez J, Villanueva-Peñacarrillo M, Valverde I, Malaisse W, Filipsson K, Ahrén B, Balkan B, Kwasnik L, Battle B, Li X, Egan J, Clocquet A, Elahi D, Petrella E, Pricket K, Petersen K, Sullivan J, Amatruda J, Livingston J, Shulman G, Freyse E, Knospe S, Glund K, Demuth H, Walker D, Malik R, Reljanovic M, Barada A, Milicevic Z, Tack C, Goldstein D, Van Huysen C, Stevens M, Cao X, Sundkvist G, Dahlin L, Eriksson K, Rosén I, Lattimer S, Sima A, Sullivan K, Shaw J, de Courten M, Zimmet P, Gourdy P, Ruidavets J, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Bingham A, Tauber J, Lam K, Wat N, Lam T, Janus E, de Pablos P, Rodriguez F, Martínez J, Sánchez V, Santana C, García I, Macías A, Levin K, Hother-Nielsen O, Henriksen J, Beck-Nielsen H, Brechtel K, Machann J, Koch M, Nielsen M, Löblein K, Becker R, Denignger M, Renn W, Machicao F, Claussen C, Schick F, Diraison F, Moulin P, Beylot M, Thams P, Capito K, Eliasson L, Barg S, Göpel S, Kanno T, Renström E, Meda P, Charollais A, Gjnovci A, Calabrese A, Wonkam A, Caton D, Wisznievski L, Serre V, Cogne F, Bauquis J, Bosco D, Huarte J, Herrera P, Gotfredsen C, Vessby B, Manuel y Keenoy B, Engelen W, Vertommen J, Schrans S, Louheranta A, Lindström J, Tuomilehto J, Segal K, Heymsfield S, Hauptman J, Boldrin M, Lucas C, Pandolfi A, Cetrullo D, Polishchuck R, Alberta M, Pellegrini G, Calafiore A, Vitacolonna E, Capani F, Consoli A, Halleux C, Gillot E, Brichard S, Van der Planken M, Corthouts B, Peiffer F, Scholten D, Walke M, Assert R, Pirags V, Pedula K, Hillier T, Brown J, Santini S, Marra G, Cotroneo P, Manto A, Di Leo M, Di Gregorio S, Tordi A, Pitocco D, Ruotolo V, Ghirlanda G, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Schaper F, Koehler C, Henkel E, Hanefeld M, Mancini L, Citterio F, Cotroneo A, Ceroone S, Castagneto M, Rajbhandari S, Dent M, Plater M, Harris N, Tesfaye S, Ward J, Dupuy O, Mayaudon H, Lecoules S, Bauduceau B, Palou M, Farret O, Molinié C, Antonelli-Incalzi R, Fuso L, Giordano A, Calcagni M, Todaro L, Basso S, Tramaglino L, Troncone L, Pistelli R, Guillot R, Bringuier A, Porokhov B, Guillausseau P, Feldmann G, Zivanic S, Cizmic M, Dragojevic R, Vanovic M, Borghouts L, van Kranenburg G, Schaart G, Keizer H, Niess A, Dickuth H, Lutz O, Barbe P, Calazel-Fournier C, Hernandez G, Saint-Martin F, Galitzky J, Gonçalves A, da Silva E, Brito I, da Silva C, Lawrence N, Kousta E, Mulnier H, Penny A, Millauer B, Johnston D, Robinson S, Perriello G, Pimenta W, Pampanelli S, Lucidi P, Lepore M, Porcellati F, Cordoni M, De Feo P, Bolli G, Sjöstrand M, Holmäng A, Lönnroth P, Hauer B, Grauer P, Artzner S, Lang R, Stumvoll M, Monti L, Piatti P, Gemone F, Valsecchi G, Magni M, Barbieri E, Setola E, Sandoli E, Galli-Kienle M, Pontiroli A, Nichols G, Brown J, Salzsieder E, Boltz H, Ramirez J, Rutscher A, Fischer U, Koenig C, Friske M, Schramm W, Landgraf R, Bachmann W, Bangemann M, Groeneveld G, Edvell A, Lindström P, Tsiotra P, Koukourava A, Raptis S, Tsigos C, Boutou E, Triandaffilopoulou A, Egido E, Rodríguez-Gallardo J, Gutiérrez E, García P, Silvestre R, Marco J, Khan A, Ling Z, Ahren B, Efendic S, Bünting C, Du X, Zhi Sui G, Rösen P, Koschinsky T, Kearney T, Sharp P, Lapolla A, Fedele D, Martano L, Garbeglio M, Seraglia R, Favretto D, Traldi P, Meerwaldt R, Smit A, Links T, v. Roon A, Graaf R, Gans R, Deynelİ O, Ersöz H, Gogas D, Fak A, Akalin S, Veglio M, Sivieri R, Chinaglia A, Scaglione L, Le T, Wong N, Detrano R, Charles M, Colhoun H, Francis D, Rubens M, Underwood S, Fuller J, Knudsen E, Sato A, Nielsen F, Bonora E, Kiechl S, Willeit J, Oberhollenzer F, Egger G, Bonadonna R, Muggeo M, Festa A, D’Agostino R, Howard G, Mykkänen L, Tracy R, Haffner S, Poulsen P, Vach K, Ijzerman R, Bakker S, Truster J, Crowther N, Cameron N, Gray I, Chaillous L, Carel J, Thivolet C, Boitard C, Charbonnel B, Saï P, Decochez K, Keymeulen B, Somers G, Dorchy H, Rottiers R, Winnock F, ver Elst K, Weets I, Pipeleers D, Gorus F, Seebaum S, Schumm-Draeger P, Petzoldt R, Federlin K, Bonnevie-Nielsen V, Martensen P, Justesen J, Worsaa A, Karlsson M, Sederholm S, Ludvigsson J, Bélicar P, Dale C, Vague P, Alessis C, Lassmann-Vague V, Bode B, Gross T, Ghegan M, Steed R, Davidson P, Ordoñez A, Rubio J, Sulleiro J, Buendía J, Zamora J, Castillo M, Schaupp L, Ellmerer M, Brunner G, Sendlhofer G, Schlack C, Skrabal F, Wach P, Pieber T, Heinemann L, Krämer U, Klötzer H, Hermann M, Cosgrove K, Chapman J, Shepherd R, McIntyre S, Butler P, Dunne M, Brekardin E, Dörschner H, Schwanstecher C, Schwanstecher M, Uhde I, Emmanouilidou E, Teschemacher A, Pouli A, Gylfe E, Tengholm A, Hellman B, Perfetti R, Aggarwal S, Müller G, Welte S, Wied S, Valverde A, Mur C, Kahn C, Benito M, Rondinone C, Peterson T, Laviola L, Belsanti G, Logoluso F, Napoli R, Davalli A, Weir G, Giorgino R, Giorgino F, Flesch S, Hompesch B, Rave K, Susanto F, Kühn-Velten W, Heise T, Rendell M, Dole J, Esper R, Stein E, Lemme L, Rubinstein A, Maritz F, Soule S, Market A, Chajek-Shaul T, Maislos M, Tal S, Stolero D, Josefsen K, Beckmann H, Petersen C, Ekman R, Efanova I, Zaitsev S, Berggren P, Birkenbach M, Holl R, Rosenbauer J, Grabert M, Icks A, Schwab O, Reile K, Janssen M, de Jongh R, Casteleijn S, Masurel N, Hoogma R, Santeusanio F, Brunetti P, Fanelli C, Laureti S, Bartocci L, Maran A, Crepaldi C, Trupiani S, Macdonald I, Avogaro A, Bouman S, Keitz M, Bruggink J, Scheurink A, Strubbe J, Steffens A, Ferguson S, McCrimmon R, Perros P, Best J, Deary I, Frier B, Robinson R, Ireland N, Bedford C, Fairclough E, Hudson S, Heller S, Borch-Johnsen K, Berger M, Overmann H, Bender R, Blank M, Sawicki P, Jörgens V, Mühlhauser I, Nosadini R, Sailer A, Dalla Vestra M, Brocco E, Piarulli F, Frigato F, Sambataro M, Velussi M, Baggio B, Fioretto P, Jager A, van Hinsbergh V, Kostense P, Nrjpels G, Gæde P, Pedersen O, Andrysiak-Mamos E, Majkowska L, Krzyżanowska B, Pilarska K, Czekalski S, Mazzon C, Brocco S, Field L, Nejentsev S, Gombos Z, Veijola R, Knip M, Simell O, Vaarala O, Åkerblom H, Ilonen J, Krokowski M, Bodalski J, Andrzejewski W, Ławnik M, Teodorczyk A, Heinrich A, Caillat-Zucman S, Buzzetti R, Petrone A, Mesturino C, Giorgi G, Fiori R, Nisticò L, Di Genova G, Cascino I, Klöting I, Kovacs P, McKinney P, Okasha M, Parslow R, Law G, Gurney K, Williams R, Bodansky H, Herzig P, Giani G, Vervoort G, Lutterman J, Berden J, Wetzels J, Paniagua O, Shaw L, Austin C, Heagerty A, Seppälä-Lindroos A, Vehkavaara S, Yki-Järvinen H, Caballero A, Lim S, LoGerfo F, Horton E, Zembowicz A, Fragasso G, Caumo A, Phan V, Costa S, Conti M, Chierchia S, Vigili de Kreutzenberg S, Marchetto S, Calò L, Wascher T, Wölkart G, Brunner F, Tripathy D, Carlsson M, Isomaa B, Tuomi T, Groop L, Stoffers D, Muller D, Wideman L, Chin G, Clarke W, Hanks J, Habener J, Guazzarotti L, Toffolo G, Clementi L, Vespasiani G, Cobelli C, Clauin S, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Bartolotta E, Gautier J, Wilson C, Weyer C, Mort D, Knowler W, Polonsky K, Bogardus C, Pratley R, Porksen N, Veldhuis J, Polonsky K, Byrne M, Brandt A, Arnold R, Katschinski M, Göke B, Hardt E, Fritsche A, Stefan N, Schützenauer S, Lüddeke H, Renner R, Hepp K, Shnawa N, Krugluger W, Hopmeier P, Schernthaner G, Kautzky-Willer A, Prager R, Fallucca F, Sabbatini A, Sciullo E, Torresi P, Mazziotti F, Maroccia E, Napoli A, Buongiorno A, Deberg M, Dozio N, Castiglioni M, Sodoyez-Goffaux F, Carvalheiro M, Fagulha I, Fagulha A, Gomes L, Paiva S, Marta E, Sobral E, Leitão F, Pinto L, Ruas M, Buchanan T, Di Cianni G, Volpe L, Casadidio I, Bottone P, Teti G, Boldrini A, Benzi L, Rasera T, Becciu V, Beretta A, Almirante G, Castiglioni M, Kerényi Z, Stella P, Nádasdi Á, Baranyi É, Csákány M, Tamás G, Mehta Z, Manley S, Zimmett P, Bottazzo G, Hoey H, Mollensen H, Hougaard P, McGee H, Vidal J, Fernández M, Sesmilo G, Casamitjana R, Gomis R, Conget I, Rathmann W, Curran S, Mitchell J, Hennings S, Katsaros T, Saflianis I, Gigiakou E, Kasi E, Polychroniades V, Dzien A, Dzien-Bischinger C, Hadjidakis D, Apostolopoulou N, Sfakianakis M, Raptis A, Ryysy L, Häkkinen A, Goto T, Westerbacka J, Halavaara J, Libman I, Pietropaolo M, LaPorte R, Pietropaolo S, Becker D, Pirie F, York D, Motala A, Omar M, Tzaneva V, Iotova V, Jaeger C, Hatziagelaki E, Stroedter A, Becker F, Bretzel R, Strebelow M, Schlosser M, Ziegler B, Ziegler M, Wassmuth R, Ostrauskas R, Žalinkevičius R, Norkus A, Jarosz-Chobot P, Otto-Buczkowska E, Koehler B, Maklakiewicz E, Green A, Ionescu-Tirgoviste C, Serban V, Guja C, Mota M, Creteanu G, Calin A, Morosanu M, Ferariu I, Halmagy I, Cristescu I, Strugariu M, Minescu A, Barbul R, Visalli N, Sabastiani L, Adorisio E, Cassone Faldetta M, Multari G, Casu A, Songini M, Pozzilli P, Muntoni S, Wäänänen S, Law G, Muntoni S, Shubnikov E, Choubnikova J, Mikulecký M, Michalková D, Hlava P, Teuscher A, Reinli K, Teuscher A, Zhao H, Stenhouse E, Moyeed R, Demaine A, Millward B, Feltbower R, Holland P, Campbell F, Fear N, Wasmuth H, Elliott R, McLachlan C, Erhardt G, Kolb H, Guaita G, Pelligra I, Motzo C, Obinu M, Cossu E, Cirillo R, Kinalski M, Krętowski A, Bingley P, Kinalska I, Douek I, Bingley P, Gale E, Imagawa A, Hanafusa T, Miyagawa J, Matsuzawa Y, Todd J, Welsh K, Marshall S, Nolsøe R, Kristiansen O, Larsen Z, Johannesen J, Jahromi M, Larsen Z, Kyvik K, Jeanclos E, Schork N, Aviv A, Sieradzki J, Małecki M, Klupa T, Hanna L, Sieradzka J, Frey J, Królewski A, Calvo B, Bilbao J, Perez de Nanclares G, Castaño L, Santos J, Pérez-Bravo F, Piquer S, Puig-Domingo M, Carrasco E, Calvillán M, De Leiva A, Albala C, Cavallo M, Manca Bitti M, Suraci C, Crinò A, Giordano C, Cervoni M, Sbriglia M, Bizzarri C, Marietti G, Füchtenbusch M, Bonifacio E, Kredel K, Schnell O, Ziegler A, Assaad-Khalil S, Michelsen B, El-Azzouni O, Abou-Seif M, Kamel F, Fouad K, Abdel-Aty T, El-Sheikh S, Zamani M, Pociot H, Nerup J, Cassiman J, Olivares E, Ladrière L, Laghmich A, Sener A, Scott F, Ivanova O, Poltorack V, Gorbenko N, Gladkich A, Nikitchenko I, Dunger A, Augstein P, Berg S, Williams A, Norcross A, Gillmor H, Lampasona V, Bernasconi L, Hermite L, Martin-Moutot N, Boucraut J, Seagar M, Couraud F, Scirpoli M, Maioli M, Tonolo G, Bekris L, Schranz D, Ciccarese M, Lernmark A, Lee H, Nam J, Ahn C, Song Y, Lim S, Kim K, Huh K, Fajardo C, Carmona E, Sanchez-Cuenca J, Campos V, Carles C, Brazales A, Merino F, Piñón F, Mašek Z, Perušičová J, Bárová H, Šterzl I, Hejduková H, Schneiderka P, Hink S, Muzyka B, Streit G, Kopp H, Kroiss A, Tankova T, Dakovska L, Kirilov G, Koev D, Abrams P, De Block C, Rooman R, Du Caju M, Eibl N, Wolf H, Eibl M, Di Cesare E, Previti M, Lombardo F, Di Benedetto A, Romano G, De Luca F, Cucinotta D, Brunelle R, Huang J, Fineberg S, Anderson J, List C, Lamesch P, Kohlhaw K, Schwarz C, Wenzke M, Richter O, Hauss J, Zeng S, Xu X, Zheng S, Shii K, Baba S, Bonfanti R, Bazzigaluppi E, Meschi F, Bognetti E, Bosi E, Chiumello G, Cinapri V, Quilici S, Forotti G, Giampietro O, Matteucci E, Luppi P, Zanone M, Rudert W, Haluszczak C, Alexander A, Bertera S, Gottlieb P, Trucco M, Irnstetter A, Jäger G, Schenker M, Ziegler M, Myśliwiec J, Szelachowska M, Monetini L, Valente L, Coppolino G, Stefanini L, Corbi S, Spera S, Matteoli M, Ferrazzoli F, Cantagallo A, De Mattia G, Walker B, Sonnet E, Gibassier J, Derrien C, Massart C, Allannic H, Maugendre D, Leech N, Elsegood K, Narendran P, 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Chwatko G, Bald E, Dramais A, Wallemacq P, Vandeleene B, Ciaria M, Ariano M, Strom R, Gibney J, Weiss U, Turner B, O’Gorman P, Watts G, Powrie J, Crook M, Shaw K, Cummings M. 35th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. 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Impaired Glucose Transport as a Cause of Decreased Insulin-Stimulated Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Type 2 Diabetes
Cline G, Petersen K, Krssak M, Shen J, Hundal R, Trajanoski Z, Inzucchi S, Dresner A, Rothman D, Shulman G. Impaired Glucose Transport as a Cause of Decreased Insulin-Stimulated Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal Of Medicine 1999, 341: 240-246. PMID: 10413736, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199907223410404.
Determination of the rate of the glutamate/glutamine cycle in the human brain by in vivo 13C NMR
Shen J, Petersen K, Behar K, Brown P, Nixon T, Mason G, Petroff O, Shulman G, Shulman R, Rothman D. Determination of the rate of the glutamate/glutamine cycle in the human brain by in vivo 13C NMR. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1999, 96: 8235-8240. PMID: 10393978, PMCID: PMC22218, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.14.8235.
Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans
Shulman G. Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans. The American Journal Of Cardiology 1999, 84: 3-10. PMID: 10418851, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00350-1.
A critical evaluation of mass isotopomer distribution analysis of gluconeogenesis in vivo
Previs S, Cline G, Shulman G. A critical evaluation of mass isotopomer distribution analysis of gluconeogenesis in vivo. American Journal Of Physiology 1999, 277: e154-e160. PMID: 10409139, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.1.e154.
Regulation of myocardial glucose uptake and transport during ischemia and energetic stress
Young L, Russell R, Yin R, Caplan M, Ren J, Bergeron R, Shulman G, Sinusas A. Regulation of myocardial glucose uptake and transport during ischemia and energetic stress. The American Journal Of Cardiology 1999, 83: 25-30. PMID: 10750583, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00253-2.
Effect of AMPK activation on muscle glucose metabolism in conscious rats
Bergeron R, Russell R, Young L, Ren J, Marcucci M, Lee A, Shulman G. Effect of AMPK activation on muscle glucose metabolism in conscious rats. American Journal Of Physiology 1999, 276: e938-e944. PMID: 10329989, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.5.e938.
Contributions of net hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to glucose production in cirrhosis
Petersen K, Krssak M, Navarro V, Chandramouli V, Hundal R, Schumann W, Landau B, Shulman G. Contributions of net hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to glucose production in cirrhosis. American Journal Of Physiology 1999, 276: e529-e535. PMID: 10070020, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.3.e529.
Effects of free fatty acids on glucose transport and IRS-1–associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
Dresner A, Laurent D, Marcucci M, Griffin M, Dufour S, Cline G, Slezak L, Andersen D, Hundal R, Rothman D, Petersen K, Shulman G. Effects of free fatty acids on glucose transport and IRS-1–associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1999, 103: 253-259. PMID: 9916137, PMCID: PMC407880, DOI: 10.1172/jci5001.
Intramyocellular lipid concentrations are correlated with insulin sensitivity in humans: a 1H NMR spectroscopy study
Krssak M, Falk Petersen K, Dresner A, DiPietro L, Vogel SM, Rothman DL, Shulman G, Roden M. Intramyocellular lipid concentrations are correlated with insulin sensitivity in humans: a 1H NMR spectroscopy study. Diabetologia 1999, 42: 113-116. PMID: 10027589, DOI: 10.1007/s001250051123.
NMR Studies on the Mechanism of Insulin Resistance
Perseghin G, Petersen K, Shulman G. NMR Studies on the Mechanism of Insulin Resistance. 1999, 159-177. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59259-716-1_9.
Additive Effects of Hyperinsulinemia and Ischemia on Myocardial GLUT1 and GLUT4 Translocation In Vivo
Russell R, Yin R, Caplan M, Hu X, Ren J, Shulman G, Sinusas A, Young L. Additive Effects of Hyperinsulinemia and Ischemia on Myocardial GLUT1 and GLUT4 Translocation In Vivo. Circulation 1998, 98: 2180-2186. PMID: 9815873, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.98.20.2180.
THE RELIABILITY OF THE HYPERINSULINEMIC/EUGLYCEMIC CLAMP IN ACTIVE HEALTHY ADULTS.
L D, Petersen K, Shulman G, Nadel E. THE RELIABILITY OF THE HYPERINSULINEMIC/EUGLYCEMIC CLAMP IN ACTIVE HEALTHY ADULTS. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 1998, 30: 245. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199805001-01393.
THE RELIABILITY OF THE HYPERINSULINEMIC/EUGLYCEMIC CLAMP IN ACTIVE HEALTHY ADULTS.
DiPietro L, Petersen K, Shulman G, Nadel E. THE RELIABILITY OF THE HYPERINSULINEMIC/EUGLYCEMIC CLAMP IN ACTIVE HEALTHY ADULTS. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 1998, 30: 245. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199805001-01393.
CAFFEINE HAS NO EFFECT ON MUSCLE GLYCOGEN USE DURING EXERCISE AFTER CARBOHYDRATE LOADING
Prusaczyk W, Schneider K, Laurent D, Goforth H, Petersen K, Shulman G. CAFFEINE HAS NO EFFECT ON MUSCLE GLYCOGEN USE DURING EXERCISE AFTER CARBOHYDRATE LOADING. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 1998, 30: 248. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199805001-01410.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO CARBOHYDRATE LOADING PROTOCOLS TO ACHIEVE AND MAINTAIN SUPERCOMPENSATED MUSCLE GLYCOGEN
Goforth H, Schneider K, Prusaczyk W, Laurent D, Petersen K, Shulman G. EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO CARBOHYDRATE LOADING PROTOCOLS TO ACHIEVE AND MAINTAIN SUPERCOMPENSATED MUSCLE GLYCOGEN. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 1998, 30: 246. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199805001-01401.
Effect of insulin on glycerol production in obese adolescents
Robinson C, Tamborlane W, Maggs D, Enoksson S, Sherwin R, Silver D, Shulman G, Caprio S. Effect of insulin on glycerol production in obese adolescents. American Journal Of Physiology 1998, 274: e737-e743. PMID: 9575836, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.4.e737.
Efficacy and Metabolic Effects of Metformin and Troglitazone in Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Inzucchi S, Maggs D, Spollett G, Page S, Rife F, Walton V, Shulman G. Efficacy and Metabolic Effects of Metformin and Troglitazone in Type II Diabetes Mellitus. New England Journal Of Medicine 1998, 338: 867-873. PMID: 9516221, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199803263381303.
Disruption of IRS-2 causes type 2 diabetes in mice
Withers D, Gutierrez J, Towery H, Burks D, Ren J, Previs S, Zhang Y, Bernal D, Pons S, Shulman G, Bonner-Weir S, White M. Disruption of IRS-2 causes type 2 diabetes in mice. Nature 1998, 391: 900-904. PMID: 9495343, DOI: 10.1038/36116.
A novel 13C NMR method to assess intracellular glucose concentration in muscle, in vivo
Cline G, Jucker B, Trajanoski Z, Rennings A, Shulman G. A novel 13C NMR method to assess intracellular glucose concentration in muscle, in vivo. American Journal Of Physiology 1998, 274: e381-e389. PMID: 9486172, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.2.e381.
Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans
Laurent D, Petersen K, Russell R, Cline G, Shulman G. Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans. American Journal Of Physiology 1998, 274: e130-e138. PMID: 9458758, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.1.e130.
Effects of insulin-like growth factor I on glucose metabolism in rats with liver cirrhosis
Petersen K, Jacob R, West A, Sherwin R, Shulman G. Effects of insulin-like growth factor I on glucose metabolism in rats with liver cirrhosis. American Journal Of Physiology 1997, 273: e1189-e1193. PMID: 9435535, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.6.e1189.
Metabolic defects in lean nondiabetic offspring of NIDDM parents: a cross-sectional study
Perseghin G, Ghosh S, Gerow K, Shulman G. Metabolic defects in lean nondiabetic offspring of NIDDM parents: a cross-sectional study. Diabetes 1997, 46: 1001-1009. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.46.6.1001.
Metabolic Defects in Lean Nondiabetic Offspring of NIDDM Parents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Perseghin G, Ghosh S, Gerow K, Shulman G. Metabolic Defects in Lean Nondiabetic Offspring of NIDDM Parents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes 1997, 46: 1001-1009. PMID: 9166672, DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.6.1001.
TIMECOURSE AND MECHANISM OF GLYCOGEN SUPERCOMPENSATION IN MAN 252
Price T, Petersen K, Laurent D, Shulman G. TIMECOURSE AND MECHANISM OF GLYCOGEN SUPERCOMPENSATION IN MAN 252. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 1997, 29: 44. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199705001-00252.
13C and 31P NMR Studies on the Effects of Increased Plasma Free Fatty Acids on Intramuscular Glucose Metabolism in the Awake Rat*
Jucker B, Rennings A, Cline G, Shulman G. 13C and 31P NMR Studies on the Effects of Increased Plasma Free Fatty Acids on Intramuscular Glucose Metabolism in the Awake Rat*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 1997, 272: 10464-10473. PMID: 9099689, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.16.10464.
Low-flow ischemia leads to translocation of canine heart GLUT-4 and GLUT-1 glucose transporters to the sarcolemma in vivo.
Young L, Renfu Y, Russell R, Hu X, Caplan M, Ren J, Shulman G, Sinusas A. Low-flow ischemia leads to translocation of canine heart GLUT-4 and GLUT-1 glucose transporters to the sarcolemma in vivo. Circulation 1997, 95: 415-22. PMID: 9008459, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.95.2.415.
The Effect of Leptin Is Enhanced by Microinjection Into the Ventromedial Hypothalamus
Jacob R, Dziura J, Medwick M, Leone P, Caprio S, During M, Shulman G, Sherwin R. The Effect of Leptin Is Enhanced by Microinjection Into the Ventromedial Hypothalamus. Diabetes 1997, 46: 150-152. PMID: 8971096, DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.1.150.
Human IAPP/amylin overproducing transgenic mice: Characterization of an animal model to study the role of IAPP in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes
Höppener J, Oosterwijk C, Shulman G, Jiménez-Chillarón J, Guinovart J, Chico S, Gómez-Foix A, Ahrén B, Lips C. Human IAPP/amylin overproducing transgenic mice: Characterization of an animal model to study the role of IAPP in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes. Experimental And Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 1997, 105: 69-69. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211891.
The effect of leptin is enhanced by microinjection into the ventromedial hypothalamus
Jacob R, Dziura J, Medwick M, Leone P, Caprio S, During M, Shulman G, Sherwin R. The effect of leptin is enhanced by microinjection into the ventromedial hypothalamus. Diabetes 1997, 46: 150-152. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.46.1.150.
Time course of the defective α-cell response to hypoglycemia in diabetic BB rats
Jacob R, Dziura J, Morgen J, Shulman G, Sherwin R. Time course of the defective α-cell response to hypoglycemia in diabetic BB rats. Metabolism 1996, 45: 1422-1426. PMID: 8931649, DOI: 10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90125-0.
Mass and Positional Isotopomer Analysis of Glucose Metabolism in Periportal and Pericentral Hepatocytes(*)
Cline G, Shulman G. Mass and Positional Isotopomer Analysis of Glucose Metabolism in Periportal and Pericentral Hepatocytes(*). Journal Of Biological Chemistry 1995, 270: 28062-28067. PMID: 7499292, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.47.28062.
Triiodothyronine treatment increases substrate cycling between pyruvate carboxylase and malic enzyme in perfused rat liver
Petersen K, Blair J, Shulman G. Triiodothyronine treatment increases substrate cycling between pyruvate carboxylase and malic enzyme in perfused rat liver. Metabolism 1995, 44: 1380-1383. PMID: 7476321, DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90133-7.
Contribution of hepatic glycogenolysis to glucose production in humans in response to a physiological increase in plasma glucagon concentration
Magnusson I, Rothman D, Gerard D, Katz L, Shulman G. Contribution of hepatic glycogenolysis to glucose production in humans in response to a physiological increase in plasma glucagon concentration. Diabetes 1995, 44: 185-189. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.44.2.185.
Local ventromedial hypothalamus glucopenia triggers counterregulatory hormone release
Borg W, Sherwin R, During M, Borg M, Shulman G. Local ventromedial hypothalamus glucopenia triggers counterregulatory hormone release. Diabetes 1995, 44: 180-184. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.44.2.180.
Local Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release
Borg W, Sherwin R, During M, Borg M, Shulman G. Local Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release. Diabetes 1995, 44: 180-184. PMID: 7859938, DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.2.180.
Contribution of Hepatic Glycogenolysis to Glucose Production in Humans in Response to a Physiological Increase in Plasma Glucagon Concentration
Magnusson I, Rothman D, Gerard D, Katz L, Shulman G. Contribution of Hepatic Glycogenolysis to Glucose Production in Humans in Response to a Physiological Increase in Plasma Glucagon Concentration. Diabetes 1995, 44: 185-189. PMID: 7859939, DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.2.185.
Localized 13C NMR Spectroscopy in the Human Brain of Amino Acid Labeling from d‐[1‐13C]Glucose
Gruetter R, Novotny E, Boulware S, Mason G, Rothman D, Shulman G, Prichard J, Shulman R. Localized 13C NMR Spectroscopy in the Human Brain of Amino Acid Labeling from d‐[1‐13C]Glucose. Journal Of Neurochemistry 1994, 63: 1377-1385. PMID: 7931289, DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63041377.x.
Progesterone administration induced impairment of insulin suppression of hepatic glucose production
Nelson T, Shulman G, Grainger D, Diamond M. Progesterone administration induced impairment of insulin suppression of hepatic glucose production. Fertility And Sterility 1994, 62: 491-496. PMID: 8062943, DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56936-2.
Validation of 13C NMR measurements of liver glycogen in vivo
Gruetter R, Magnusson I, Rothman D, Avison M, Shulman R, Shulman G. Validation of 13C NMR measurements of liver glycogen in vivo. Magnetic Resonance In Medicine 1994, 31: 583-588. PMID: 8057810, DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910310602.
PL-4: NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS WITH NMR
Shulman G. PL-4: NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS WITH NMR. European Journal Of Endocrinology 1994, 130: ss7-ss8. DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.130s007.
Inhibitory Effect of Pregnancy on Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Awake Rat
Rossi G, Lapaczewski P, Diamond M, Jacob R, Shulman G, Sherwin R. Inhibitory Effect of Pregnancy on Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Awake Rat. Diabetes 1993, 42: 1440-1445. PMID: 8375583, DOI: 10.2337/diab.42.10.1440.
Inhibitory effect of pregnancy on counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia in awake rat
Rossi G, Lapaczewski P, Diamond M, Jacob R, Shulman G, Sherwin R. Inhibitory effect of pregnancy on counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia in awake rat. Diabetes 1993, 42: 1440-1445. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.42.10.1440.
Comparative effects of monomethylsuccinate and glucose on insulin secretion from perifused rat islets
Zawalich W, Zawalich K, Cline G, Shulman G, Rasmussen H. Comparative effects of monomethylsuccinate and glucose on insulin secretion from perifused rat islets. Diabetes 1993, 42: 843-850. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.42.6.843.
Comparative Effects of Monomethylsuccinate and Glucose on Insulin Secretion from Perifused Rat Islets
Zawalich W, Zawalich K, Cline G, Shulman G, Rasmussen H. Comparative Effects of Monomethylsuccinate and Glucose on Insulin Secretion from Perifused Rat Islets. Diabetes 1993, 42: 843-850. PMID: 8388341, DOI: 10.2337/diab.42.6.843.
Non-Invasive Measurements of the Cerebral Steady-State Glucose Concentration and Transport in Humans by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Gruetter R, Novotny E, Boulware S, Rothman D, Mason G, Shulman G, Tamborlane W, Shulman R. Non-Invasive Measurements of the Cerebral Steady-State Glucose Concentration and Transport in Humans by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. 1993, 331: 35-40. PMID: 8333347, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2920-0_7.
Cerebral Lactate Turnover after Electroshock: In vivo Measurements by 1H/13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Petroff O, Novotny E, Avison M, Rothman D, Alger J, Ogino T, Shulman G, Prichard J. Cerebral Lactate Turnover after Electroshock: In vivo Measurements by 1H/13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 1992, 12: 1022-1029. PMID: 1400641, DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.1992.139.
Validation of 13c nmr measurement of human skeletal muscle glycogen by direct biochemical assay of needle biopsy samples
Taylor R, Price T, Rothman D, Shulman R, Shulman G. Validation of 13c nmr measurement of human skeletal muscle glycogen by direct biochemical assay of needle biopsy samples. Magnetic Resonance In Medicine 1992, 27: 13-20. PMID: 1435198, DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910270103.
Detection and assignment of the glucose signal in 1h nmr difference spectra of the human brain
Gruetter R, Rothman D, Novotny E, Shulman G, Prichard J, Shulman R. Detection and assignment of the glucose signal in 1h nmr difference spectra of the human brain. Magnetic Resonance In Medicine 1992, 27: 183-188. PMID: 1435204, DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910270118.
Simultaneous Insulinlike Growth Factor I and Insulin Resistance in Obese Zucker Rats
Jacob R, Sherwin R, Greenawalt K, Shulman G. Simultaneous Insulinlike Growth Factor I and Insulin Resistance in Obese Zucker Rats. Diabetes 1992, 41: 691-697. PMID: 1587396, DOI: 10.2337/diab.41.6.691.
Simultaneous insulinlike growth factor I and insulin resistance in obese Zucker rats
Jacob R, Sherwin R, Greenawalt K, Shulman G. Simultaneous insulinlike growth factor I and insulin resistance in obese Zucker rats. Diabetes 1992, 41: 691-697. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.41.6.691.
Hypopituitarism associated with a hypothalamic CMV infection in a patient with AIDS
Sullivan W, Kelley G, O'Connor P, Dickey P, Kim J, Robbins R, Shulman G. Hypopituitarism associated with a hypothalamic CMV infection in a patient with AIDS. The American Journal Of Medicine 1992, 92: 221-223. PMID: 1311901, DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90119-v.
Rates and pathways of liver glycogen synthesis after ingestion of a mixed meal in humans
Magnusson I, Rothman D, Taylor R, Price T, Katz L, Shulman G. Rates and pathways of liver glycogen synthesis after ingestion of a mixed meal in humans. Clinical Nutrition 1992, 11: 27. DOI: 10.1016/0261-5614(92)90161-i.
N.m.r. studies of muscle glycogen synthesis in normal and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects
Rothman D, Shulman R, Shulman G. N.m.r. studies of muscle glycogen synthesis in normal and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Biochemical Society Transactions 1991, 19: 992-994. PMID: 1794599, DOI: 10.1042/bst0190992.
Quantitation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis And Gluconeogenesis in Fasting Humans With 13C NMR
Rothman D, Magnusson I, Katz L, Shulman R, Shulman G. Quantitation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis And Gluconeogenesis in Fasting Humans With 13C NMR. Science 1991, 254: 573-576. PMID: 1948033, DOI: 10.1126/science.1948033.
The effect of CP 68,722, a thiozolidinedione derivative, on insulin sensitivity in lean and obese Zucker rats
Bowen L, Stein P, Stevenson R, Shulman G. The effect of CP 68,722, a thiozolidinedione derivative, on insulin sensitivity in lean and obese Zucker rats. Metabolism 1991, 40: 1025-1030. PMID: 1943727, DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(91)90124-f.
Effect of metformin treatment on insulin action in diabetic rats: In vivo and in vitro correlations
Rossetti L, DeFronzo R, Gherzi R, Stein P, Andraghetti G, Falzetti G, Shulman G, Klein-Robbenhaar E, Cordera R. Effect of metformin treatment on insulin action in diabetic rats: In vivo and in vitro correlations. Metabolism 1990, 39: 425-435. PMID: 2157941, DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90259-f.
2 CURRENT CONCEPTS IN LACTATE EXCHANGE.
Brooks G, Slainsby W, Shulman G, Wasserman D, Stanley W, Roth D, Lehman S. 2 CURRENT CONCEPTS IN LACTATE EXCHANGE. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 1990, 22: s1. DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199004000-00003.
Quantitation of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Shulman G, Rothman D, Jue T, Stein P, DeFronzo R, Shulman R. Quantitation of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. New England Journal Of Medicine 1990, 322: 223-228. PMID: 2403659, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199001253220403.
Quantification of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes by13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Shulman G, Rothman D, Jue T, Jette D. Quantification of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes by13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal 1990, 1: 12-13. DOI: 10.1097/01823246-199001020-00010.
Physiological role of cholecystokinin in meal-induced insulin secretion in conscious rats. Studies with L 364718, a specific inhibitor of CCK-receptor binding
Rossetti L, Shulman G, Zawalich W. Physiological role of cholecystokinin in meal-induced insulin secretion in conscious rats. Studies with L 364718, a specific inhibitor of CCK-receptor binding. Diabetes 1987, 36: 1212-1215. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.36.10.1212.
Physiological Role of Cholecystokinin in Meal-Induced Insulin Secretion in Conscious Rats: Studies With L 364718, A Specific Inhibitor of CCK-Receptor Binding
Rossetti L, Shulman G, Zawalich W. Physiological Role of Cholecystokinin in Meal-Induced Insulin Secretion in Conscious Rats: Studies With L 364718, A Specific Inhibitor of CCK-Receptor Binding. Diabetes 1987, 36: 1212-1215. PMID: 3308589, DOI: 10.2337/diab.36.10.1212.
Plasma level of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and in normal fasting subjects
Axelrod L, Shulman G, Blackshear P, Bornstein W, Roussell A, Aoki T. Plasma level of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and in normal fasting subjects. Diabetes 1986, 35: 1004-1010. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.35.9.1004.
Metabolic response to three years of continuous, basal rate intravenous insulin infusion in type II diabetic patients.
BLACKSHEAR P, SHULMAN G, ROUSSELL A, NATHAN D, MINAKER K, ROWE J, ROBBINS D, COHEN A. Metabolic response to three years of continuous, basal rate intravenous insulin infusion in type II diabetic patients. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 1985, 61: 753-60. PMID: 3897260, DOI: 10.1210/jcem-61-4-753.
A pulse sequence for simplifying hydrogen NMR spectra of biological tissues
Rothman D, Arias-Mendoza F, Shulman G, Shulman R. A pulse sequence for simplifying hydrogen NMR spectra of biological tissues. Journal Of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 1984, 60: 430-436. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2364(84)90054-4.
Implantable Insulin Infusion Devices
Blackshear P, Nathan D, Cohen A, Hurxthal K, Shulman G. Implantable Insulin Infusion Devices. JAMA 1982, 248: 2111-2111. PMID: 7120635, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1982.03330170019006.
Differential time course of glucagon's effect on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the conscious dog
Cherrington A, Williams P, Shulman G, Lacy W. Differential time course of glucagon's effect on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the conscious dog. Diabetes 1981, 30: 180-187. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.30.3.180.
Effect of hyperglycemia independent of changes in insulin or glucagon on lipolysis in the conscious dog
Shulman G, Williams P, Liljenquist J, Lacy W, Keller U, Cherrington A. Effect of hyperglycemia independent of changes in insulin or glucagon on lipolysis in the conscious dog. Metabolism 1980, 29: 317-320. PMID: 6103495, DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(80)90004-9.
Glucose Disposal during Insulinopenia in Somatostatin-Treated Dogs
Shulman G, Liljenquist J, Williams P, Lacy W, Cherrington A. Glucose Disposal during Insulinopenia in Somatostatin-Treated Dogs. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1978, 62: 487-491. PMID: 670404, PMCID: PMC371787, DOI: 10.1172/jci109150.

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